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發布時間(jian):2021-12-20 14:58:59 人氣:100043 來源:
巴彥機械密封是一(yi)種依靠彈性元件對動(dong)(dong)、靜環(huan)端面(mian)密(mi)封(feng)副的(de)(de)(de)預緊和(he)介(jie)質(zhi)壓(ya)力與(yu)彈性元件壓(ya)力的(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)緊而達(da)到密(mi)封(feng)的(de)(de)(de)軸向端面(mian)密(mi)封(feng)裝置。動(dong)(dong)環(huan)和(he)靜環(huan)的(de)(de)(de)端面(mian)組成一(yi)對摩擦(ca)副,動(dong)(dong)環(huan)靠密(mi)封(feng)室中液(ye)體的(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)力使其端面(mian)壓(ya)緊在(zai)靜環(huan)端面(mian)上,并在(zai)兩環(huan)端面(mian)上產(chan)生適當的(de)(de)(de)比壓(ya)和(he)保(bao)持一(yi)層極薄的(de)(de)(de)液(ye)體膜(mo)而達(da)到密(mi)封(feng)的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)。
常用巴彥機械密封結構由(you)靜止環(huan)(靜環(huan))、旋轉(zhuan)環(huan)(動環(huan))、彈性元件(jian)(jian)、彈簧座、固(gu)緊件(jian)(jian)、旋轉(zhuan)環(huan)輔(fu)助密封圈(quan)和靜止環(huan)輔(fu)助密封圈(quan)等元件(jian)(jian)組成,防轉(zhuan)銷固(gu)定在壓(ya)蓋(gai)上以防止靜止環(huan)轉(zhuan)動。這些元件(jian)(jian)都(dou)有(you)哪(na)些作用呢(ni)?
(1)動(dong)(dong)、靜(jing)環(huan):保持(chi)緊密貼(tie)(tie)合(he)組(zu)成密封面(mian)防(fang)止介質泄漏。要求(qiu)動(dong)(dong)、靜(jing)環(huan)具有良好的耐磨(mo)性動(dong)(dong)環(huan)可以軸向移動(dong)(dong),自動(dong)(dong)補償密封面(mian)磨(mo)損,使(shi)之與靜(jing)環(huan)良好地貼(tie)(tie)合(he),靜(jing)環(huan)有浮動(dong)(dong)性,起緩沖作用。
(2)彈性元件(彈簧、波紋板、蛇形套等):主要作用是對密封端面產生一定的預緊壓力,使端面在啟動、停車和介質壓力波動時能保持良好的接合。同時用來克服輔助密封圈與軸之間的摩擦力,使補償環沿軸向移動,以補償端面磨損后形成的間隙。此外,還可對軸的跳動等引起的振動起一定的緩沖作用。用的彈性元件有圓柱螺旋壓縮彈簧、波形片彈簧、蝶形彈簧和波紋管。其中圓柱螺旋壓縮彈簧使用廣。波形彈簧和蝶形彈簧具有軸向尺寸小,剛度大,結構緊湊的優點,但軸向位移和彈簧力較小,一般適用于軸向尺寸要求很緊湊的輕型巴彥機械密封。波(bo)形管(guan)常用于(yu)高溫、低(di)溫、強腐蝕等特殊條件。
(3)輔助密(mi)封(feng)(0形環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)、V形環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)、楔(xie)形環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)及其他異(yi)形密(mi)封(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)):主要(yao)起(qi)到(dao)靜(jing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)和動(dong)(dong)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)密(mi)封(feng)作(zuo)用(yong),同時(shi)也起(qi)到(dao)浮(fu)動(dong)(dong)性(xing)和緩沖的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)。要(yao)求靜(jing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)輔助密(mi)封(feng)元件保證(zheng)靜(jing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)與壓蓋之間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)密(mi)封(feng)性(xing),使靜(jing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)有一定的(de)(de)(de)(de)浮(fu)動(dong)(dong)性(xing),動(dong)(dong)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)輔助密(mi)封(feng)元件保證(zheng)動(dong)(dong)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)與軸或(huo)軸套之間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)密(mi)封(feng).材料要(yao)求耐熱、耐寒方面(mian)與介質接近(jin)。
(4)傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)件:傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)件包括傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)銷(xiao)、傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)環(huan)、傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)座、傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)套(tao)、傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)鍵、傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)突耳或牙嵌(qian)式聯接器,其作用是(shi)將軸的轉(zhuan)矩傳(chuan)給(gei)動(dong)(dong)(dong)環(huan),材料(liao)要求耐腐蝕和耐磨(mo)損。
(5)固(gu)緊件:包括緊定(ding)螺釘、彈簧座、壓蓋、組裝(zhuang)套、軸套。起著靜、動(dong)環的(de)定(ding)位(wei)、固(gu)緊作用(yong)。要求定(ding)位(wei)正確(que),保證摩(mo)擦副密(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)處(chu)于(yu)正確(que)的(de)位(wei)置,并且保持良好貼合(he)的(de)彈簧比壓,同(tong)時要求拆裝(zhuang)方便,容易就位(wei),能重復使用(yong),與(yu)輔助密(mi)(mi)封(feng)配(pei)合(he)處(chu)應注(zhu)意安(an)裝(zhuang)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)環的(de)倒角和壓彈量(liang),特別(bie)注(zhu)意動(dong)環密(mi)(mi)封(feng)圈與(yu)軸套配(pei)合(he)處(chu)要求耐腐蝕和耐磨損,必要時采用(yong)硬面(mian)復層。
介紹完了巴彥機械密封的基本元件,接下來看看密封失效都會發生在哪些元件處。巴彥機械密封的泄漏點基本上都表(biao)現在6處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu):①動(dong)(dong)、靜(jing)環(huan)端(duan)面(mian)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu);②靜(jing)環(huan)與靜(jing)環(huan)盒的輔(fu)助密(mi)(mi)封(feng)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu);③靜(jing)環(huan)壓蓋與離心泵(beng)泵(beng)體之(zhi)間的密(mi)(mi)封(feng)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu);④動(dong)(dong)環(huan)鑲嵌結構配(pei)合處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu);⑤軸(zhou)套(tao)與泵(beng)軸(zhou)之(zhi)間的密(mi)(mi)封(feng)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu);⑥動(dong)(dong)環(huan)與軸(zhou)套(tao)的輔(fu)助密(mi)(mi)封(feng)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)。
注意(yi):⑤和⑥只有在安(an)裝軸套(tao)時(shi)才存在。