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邊壩干磨密封解決了摩擦熱過高的問題

發布時間:2021-12-17 11:48:10 人氣:98751 來(lai)源:

  在使用過程中,大多數邊壩機械密封都屬于接觸式密封,其機理是靠動密封環與靜密封環的接觸端面在密封流體壓力和彈性元件壓緊力的作用下緊密貼合,并相對滑動而達到密封。工作時,邊壩機械密封端面上同時發生摩擦、滑動與磨損等現象,摩擦是它的基本特征。邊壩機械密封端面摩(mo)(mo)擦的工況一般分為:流(liu)體(ti)(ti)摩(mo)(mo)擦、混合摩(mo)(mo)擦和邊(bian)界摩(mo)(mo)擦三類,但不能長時間干(gan)(gan)摩(mo)(mo)擦。干(gan)(gan)摩(mo)(mo)擦狀態時,兩端面間的固體(ti)(ti)表(biao)(biao)面微凸(tu)體(ti)(ti)將直(zhi)接接觸而引起劇烈的磨(mo)(mo)(mo)損。磨(mo)(mo)(mo)損時一方面會(hui)使摩(mo)(mo)擦表(biao)(biao)面物質(zhi)喪失或遷移,導致表(biao)(biao)面損壞;另(ling)一方面會(hui)產生大量的摩(mo)(mo)擦熱(re)(re)直(zhi)至燒毀密(mi)封。在無流(liu)體(ti)(ti)介質(zhi)的工況下(xia),如何減少磨(mo)(mo)(mo)損降(jiang)低摩(mo)(mo)擦熱(re)(re),那就要依靠干(gan)(gan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)密(mi)封了(le)。


  干磨(mo)(mo)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)屬于(yu)浮(fu)動密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)一(yi)種(zhong),常(chang)用(yong)(yong)材質為(wei)耐(nai)磨(mo)(mo)碳精,結(jie)構包括環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)腔體和環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)軸(zhou)(zhou)套,密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)腔體內(nei)有(you)(you)(you)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)槽,槽內(nei)至少裝有(you)(you)(you)二個截面(mian)(mian)為(wei)矩形的(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)石墨(mo)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan),石墨(mo)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)的(de)(de)內(nei)徑與(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)軸(zhou)(zhou)套之(zhi)間有(you)(you)(you)0.01-0.04的(de)(de)間隙,軸(zhou)(zhou)套外(wai)(wai)(wai)表面(mian)(mian)涂(tu)有(you)(you)(you)耐(nai)磨(mo)(mo)涂(tu)層,涂(tu)層材料(liao)一(yi)般為(wei)三氧化(hua)二鋁或三氧化(hua)二鉻。干磨(mo)(mo)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)有(you)(you)(you)時(shi)需要(yao)增加隔離氣(qi)(qi),通常(chang)使用(yong)(yong)氮(dan)氣(qi)(qi),氮(dan)氣(qi)(qi)耗(hao)量(liang)能控制在25-40。主要(yao)應用(yong)(yong)于(yu)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)易燃有(you)(you)(you)毒介質,由于(yu)操(cao)作維修簡單,密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)性好,不(bu)需要(yao)復雜的(de)(de)潤滑冷卻系(xi)統,可以干運行(xing)(xing),得到廣(guang)泛的(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)。干磨(mo)(mo)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)包括有(you)(you)(you)外(wai)(wai)(wai)罩(zhao)及(ji)架設于(yu)外(wai)(wai)(wai)罩(zhao)上(shang)且可呈相(xiang)對旋轉及(ji)貼(tie)合的(de)(de)動密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)及(ji)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan),靜(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)與(yu)(yu)外(wai)(wai)(wai)罩(zhao)固定(ding)連接(jie),靜(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)及(ji)動密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)上(shang)分開設有(you)(you)(you)供(gong)旋轉軸(zhou)(zhou)安(an)裝的(de)(de)通孔,且動密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)與(yu)(yu)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)貼(tie)合的(de)(de)端面(mian)(mian)分別(bie)為(wei)動密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)及(ji)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian),外(wai)(wai)(wai)罩(zhao)上(shang)設有(you)(you)(you)促使動密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)與(yu)(yu)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)緊密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)貼(tie)合的(de)(de)彈性抵壓件。除了要(yao)保持密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)平行(xing)(xing)之(zhi)外(wai)(wai)(wai),主要(yao)是(shi)摩擦副的(de)(de)材料(liao)問題(ti)。

41.JPG

  摩擦材料應具備下(xia)列條(tiao)件:


  (1)機(ji)械(xie)強度高(gao),能耐(nai)壓和耐(nai)壓力變形(xing);


  (2)具(ju)有耐干磨性,耐高載荷性,自潤滑(hua)性好;


  (3)配對材料的磨合性好,無過大的磨損和(he)對偶腐蝕(shi);


  (4)耐磨(mo)性好,摩擦材料雖然是(shi)易損件,起到保護制(zhi)(zhi)動或傳動裝置的(de)(de)作用,但要求(qiu)具有(you)一定(ding)的(de)(de)耐磨(mo)性,使用壽命(ming)盡量要長,刮(gua)傷、腐(fu)蝕(shi)和粘附對(dui)偶,都會造成制(zhi)(zhi)動或傳動的(de)(de)震動和不穩定(ding);


  (5)導(dao)(dao)(dao)熱性(xing)和散(san)熱性(xing)好(hao),導(dao)(dao)(dao)熱性(xing)是(shi)傳導(dao)(dao)(dao)熱量(liang)的能力(li)大小,即包括吸熱,也包括散(san)熱,所以,導(dao)(dao)(dao)熱性(xing)好(hao)的必然散(san)熱性(xing)也好(hao);


  (6)抗熱裂性好(hao),根(gen)本解決抗熱裂性問題可能(neng)需(xu)要改(gai)變封孔方法;


  (7)耐(nai)腐蝕性(xing)強,一(yi)些有色金屬(shu)合(he)金能將良好的摩擦學(xue)特性(xing)與有些流體的耐(nai)腐蝕性(xing)結(jie)合(he);


  (8)線膨脹系數小,熱(re)膨脹會(hui)造(zao)成摩擦材料與摩擦對偶之(zhi)間(jian)的間(jian)隙過小,發(fa)生拖摩,損毀制動、傳動裝置。