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發布時間:2021-12-20 14:58:59 人(ren)氣:100341 來源(yuan):
濱江機械密封是一種(zhong)依靠(kao)彈(dan)性(xing)元(yuan)件(jian)對動、靜(jing)環(huan)(huan)端(duan)(duan)面(mian)(mian)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)副(fu)的(de)(de)預緊和介質(zhi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)與彈(dan)性(xing)元(yuan)件(jian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)緊而達(da)到密(mi)封(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)軸向端(duan)(duan)面(mian)(mian)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)裝置。動環(huan)(huan)和靜(jing)環(huan)(huan)的(de)(de)端(duan)(duan)面(mian)(mian)組成(cheng)一對摩擦副(fu),動環(huan)(huan)靠(kao)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)室中液體(ti)的(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)使其端(duan)(duan)面(mian)(mian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)緊在靜(jing)環(huan)(huan)端(duan)(duan)面(mian)(mian)上(shang),并在兩(liang)環(huan)(huan)端(duan)(duan)面(mian)(mian)上(shang)產生適當的(de)(de)比壓(ya)(ya)(ya)和保(bao)持(chi)一層極薄的(de)(de)液體(ti)膜(mo)而達(da)到密(mi)封(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)。
常用濱江機械密封結構由靜止環(靜環)、旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)環(動環)、彈性元(yuan)件、彈簧座、固(gu)緊(jin)件、旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)環輔助密(mi)封(feng)(feng)圈和靜止環輔助密(mi)封(feng)(feng)圈等元(yuan)件組成,防(fang)轉(zhuan)銷固(gu)定在壓蓋上以防(fang)止靜止環轉(zhuan)動。這些元(yuan)件都有哪些作用(yong)呢?
(1)動(dong)(dong)、靜(jing)(jing)環(huan):保持緊(jin)密貼(tie)(tie)合(he)組成密封面防止(zhi)介(jie)質泄漏。要(yao)求動(dong)(dong)、靜(jing)(jing)環(huan)具有良好(hao)(hao)的耐磨性動(dong)(dong)環(huan)可以軸(zhou)向移動(dong)(dong),自(zi)動(dong)(dong)補償(chang)密封面磨損,使之與靜(jing)(jing)環(huan)良好(hao)(hao)地貼(tie)(tie)合(he),靜(jing)(jing)環(huan)有浮動(dong)(dong)性,起緩(huan)沖作用。
(2)彈性元件(彈簧、波紋板、蛇形套等):主要作用是對密封端面產生一定的預緊壓力,使端面在啟動、停車和介質壓力波動時能保持良好的接合。同時用來克服輔助密封圈與軸之間的摩擦力,使補償環沿軸向移動,以補償端面磨損后形成的間隙。此外,還可對軸的跳動等引起的振動起一定的緩沖作用。用的彈性元件有圓柱螺旋壓縮彈簧、波形片彈簧、蝶形彈簧和波紋管。其中圓柱螺旋壓縮彈簧使用廣。波形彈簧和蝶形彈簧具有軸向尺寸小,剛度大,結構緊湊的優點,但軸向位移和彈簧力較小,一般適用于軸向尺寸要求很緊湊的輕型濱江機械密封。波(bo)形管(guan)常用(yong)于高溫、低溫、強腐(fu)蝕等特(te)殊條件。
(3)輔助密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(0形環(huan)(huan)(huan)、V形環(huan)(huan)(huan)、楔形環(huan)(huan)(huan)及其他異形密(mi)封(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)):主要起到靜(jing)(jing)(jing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)和動環(huan)(huan)(huan)的(de)(de)(de)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)作用(yong),同時(shi)也起到浮(fu)動性和緩沖(chong)的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)。要求(qiu)(qiu)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)的(de)(de)(de)輔助密(mi)封(feng)(feng)元件保證(zheng)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)與壓蓋之間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)性,使靜(jing)(jing)(jing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)有一(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)浮(fu)動性,動環(huan)(huan)(huan)的(de)(de)(de)輔助密(mi)封(feng)(feng)元件保證(zheng)動環(huan)(huan)(huan)與軸(zhou)(zhou)或軸(zhou)(zhou)套之間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)密(mi)封(feng)(feng).材料(liao)要求(qiu)(qiu)耐熱、耐寒方面(mian)與介質接近。
(4)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)件:傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)件包(bao)括傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)銷、傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)環、傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)座(zuo)、傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)套、傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)鍵、傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)突耳(er)或牙嵌式(shi)聯接器,其作用是將軸的轉(zhuan)矩傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)給(gei)動(dong)(dong)(dong)環,材料要求耐(nai)腐蝕和耐(nai)磨損。
(5)固(gu)緊(jin)件(jian):包括緊(jin)定螺釘、彈簧座、壓(ya)蓋、組裝套(tao)、軸套(tao)。起著(zhu)靜、動(dong)環的定位(wei)、固(gu)緊(jin)作用。要(yao)(yao)(yao)求定位(wei)正確,保(bao)(bao)證摩擦副密封(feng)(feng)面處(chu)于正確的位(wei)置,并且保(bao)(bao)持良好貼合的彈簧比壓(ya),同時要(yao)(yao)(yao)求拆裝方便,容易就(jiu)位(wei),能(neng)重復(fu)使用,與輔助密封(feng)(feng)配(pei)合處(chu)應注(zhu)意(yi)安裝密封(feng)(feng)環的倒角和壓(ya)彈量,特(te)別注(zhu)意(yi)動(dong)環密封(feng)(feng)圈與軸套(tao)配(pei)合處(chu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求耐(nai)腐蝕和耐(nai)磨損,必(bi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)時采用硬面復(fu)層。
介紹完了濱江機械密封的基本元件,接下來看看密封失效都會發生在哪些元件處。濱江機械密封的(de)(de)泄(xie)漏(lou)點基本上(shang)都表現在(zai)6處(chu)(chu):①動、靜環(huan)(huan)端面處(chu)(chu);②靜環(huan)(huan)與靜環(huan)(huan)盒的(de)(de)輔助(zhu)密封處(chu)(chu);③靜環(huan)(huan)壓蓋與離心泵(beng)泵(beng)體(ti)之(zhi)間的(de)(de)密封處(chu)(chu);④動環(huan)(huan)鑲嵌結構配(pei)合處(chu)(chu);⑤軸(zhou)(zhou)套與泵(beng)軸(zhou)(zhou)之(zhi)間的(de)(de)密封處(chu)(chu);⑥動環(huan)(huan)與軸(zhou)(zhou)套的(de)(de)輔助(zhu)密封處(chu)(chu)。
注意(yi):⑤和⑥只有在安裝軸套(tao)時才存在。