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昌圖分析要經常對填料改集式密封進行調整的原因

發布(bu)時(shi)間(jian):2021-12-10 15:52:26 人氣:134355 來源:

  填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)(liao)改集式密封是(shi)指通(tong)過預緊或介質壓(ya)(ya)力(li)的自緊作(zuo)用(yong)使填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)(liao)與轉(zhuan)動件(jian)及(ji)固定(ding)(ding)件(jian)之間產生壓(ya)(ya)緊力(li)的動密封裝置。又稱“填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)(liao)函密封”。結(jie)構(gou)形(xing)式較(jiao)多(duo),主要由填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)(liao)、填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)(liao)箱和(he)填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)(liao)固定(ding)(ding)件(jian)組成。常用(yong)的填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)(liao)材料(liao)(liao)有石(shi)棉織物、碳纖維、橡膠、柔性石(shi)墨和(he)工程(cheng)塑(su)料(liao)(liao)等,預制成環(huan)(huan)狀或條狀(有的需預先浸漬潤滑性好的填(tian)(tian)(tian)充物),并采用(yong)多(duo)環(huan)(huan)或螺旋狀多(duo)層(ceng)結(jie)構(gou)。填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)(liao)箱用(yong)以(yi)安置填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)(liao)。填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)(liao)固定(ding)(ding)件(jian)包括壓(ya)(ya)蓋、螺栓和(he)彈(dan)簧等,用(yong)以(yi)使填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)(liao)預緊,工作(zuo)時阻止介質外漏,彈(dan)簧可起補(bu)償(chang)作(zuo)用(yong)。

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  填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)裝入填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)腔以后(hou),經(jing)壓(ya)蓋螺絲(si)對它作軸(zhou)向壓(ya)縮,當軸(zhou)與(yu)(yu)填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)有相對運動(dong)時,由(you)于填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)的(de)(de)塑(su)性,使(shi)它產生徑向力,并與(yu)(yu)軸(zhou)緊密接(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)。與(yu)(yu)此(ci)(ci)同時,填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)中(zhong)浸漬的(de)(de)潤(run)滑(hua)劑被擠出(chu),在(zai)接(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)面之間形成(cheng)油(you)(you)膜。由(you)于接(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)狀態并不(bu)是特別均勻的(de)(de),接(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)部(bu)位(wei)便出(chu)現(xian)“邊界潤(run)滑(hua)”狀態,稱為“軸(zhou)承效(xiao)應(ying)”;而(er)未接(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)凹部(bu)形成(cheng)小油(you)(you)槽,有較厚(hou)的(de)(de)油(you)(you)膜,接(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)部(bu)位(wei)與(yu)(yu)非接(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)部(bu)位(wei)組成(cheng)一道不(bu)規則的(de)(de)迷宮(gong),起阻止液流泄漏的(de)(de)作用,此(ci)(ci)稱“迷宮(gong)效(xiao)應(ying)”。這就(jiu)是填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)密封的(de)(de)機理。顯然,良(liang)好的(de)(de)密封在(zai)于維(wei)持“軸(zhou)承效(xiao)應(ying)”和(he)“迷宮(gong)效(xiao)應(ying)”。也就(jiu)是說,要(yao)保持良(liang)好的(de)(de)潤(run)滑(hua)和(he)適當的(de)(de)壓(ya)緊。若潤(run)滑(hua)不(bu)良(liang),或壓(ya)得過(guo)緊都(dou)會使(shi)油(you)(you)膜中(zhong)斷,造成(cheng)填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)與(yu)(yu)軸(zhou)之間出(chu)現(xian)干(gan)摩擦,最(zui)后(hou)導致(zhi)燒軸(zhou)和(he)出(chu)現(xian)嚴重磨損。


  為此,需要經(jing)常對填(tian)(tian)料(liao)的(de)(de)壓緊程度進行調整,以便填(tian)(tian)料(liao)中的(de)(de)潤滑劑(ji)在運行一(yi)段(duan)時間流(liu)失之后,再擠(ji)出一(yi)些潤滑劑(ji),同時補償填(tian)(tian)料(liao)因體積變化所造(zao)成(cheng)的(de)(de)壓緊力松(song)弛。顯然,這樣經(jing)常擠(ji)壓填(tian)(tian)料(liao),最終將使浸漬(zi)劑(ji)枯竭(jie),所以定(ding)期更換填(tian)(tian)料(liao)是必要的(de)(de)。此外(wai),為了維持液膜和帶走摩(mo)擦熱,有意讓填(tian)(tian)料(liao)處有少量泄漏也是必要的(de)(de)。