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定襄干磨密封解決了摩擦熱過高的問題

發布時間:2021-12-17 11:48:10 人氣:94660 來源:

  在使用過程中,大多數定襄機械密封都屬于接觸式密封,其機理是靠動密封環與靜密封環的接觸端面在密封流體壓力和彈性元件壓緊力的作用下緊密貼合,并相對滑動而達到密封。工作時,定襄機械密封端面上同時發生摩擦、滑動與磨損等現象,摩擦是它的基本特征。定襄機械密封端面摩擦(ca)的(de)(de)工(gong)況一(yi)(yi)般分為:流(liu)體摩擦(ca)、混合(he)摩擦(ca)和邊(bian)界摩擦(ca)三類(lei),但不能(neng)長(chang)時間(jian)干(gan)摩擦(ca)。干(gan)摩擦(ca)狀態(tai)時,兩端面間(jian)的(de)(de)固體表(biao)面微凸體將(jiang)直接接觸而(er)引起劇烈(lie)的(de)(de)磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)。磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)時一(yi)(yi)方(fang)面會使摩擦(ca)表(biao)面物質(zhi)喪(sang)失或遷(qian)移(yi),導(dao)致表(biao)面損(sun)(sun)壞;另一(yi)(yi)方(fang)面會產生(sheng)大量的(de)(de)摩擦(ca)熱直至燒毀(hui)密(mi)封。在(zai)無流(liu)體介質(zhi)的(de)(de)工(gong)況下,如何減少(shao)磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)降(jiang)低摩擦(ca)熱,那就要(yao)依靠干(gan)磨(mo)密(mi)封了。


  干(gan)磨(mo)(mo)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)屬于(yu)浮動(dong)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)一(yi)種,常(chang)(chang)用材(cai)質為耐磨(mo)(mo)碳精,結構包(bao)括環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)腔體(ti)和環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)軸套,密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)腔體(ti)內有(you)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)槽,槽內至(zhi)少裝有(you)二(er)個截面(mian)(mian)(mian)為矩形的(de)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)石墨(mo)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan),石墨(mo)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)的(de)內徑與環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)軸套之間有(you)0.01-0.04的(de)間隙,軸套外表面(mian)(mian)(mian)涂(tu)有(you)耐磨(mo)(mo)涂(tu)層,涂(tu)層材(cai)料(liao)(liao)一(yi)般(ban)為三氧(yang)化(hua)二(er)鋁(lv)或三氧(yang)化(hua)二(er)鉻。干(gan)磨(mo)(mo)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)有(you)時需要(yao)增加隔離氣,通(tong)常(chang)(chang)使用氮(dan)(dan)氣,氮(dan)(dan)氣耗量能控制在25-40。主(zhu)要(yao)應用于(yu)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)易燃(ran)有(you)毒介質,由于(yu)操(cao)作維修簡單,密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)性好,不需要(yao)復雜的(de)潤滑(hua)冷卻系(xi)統,可(ke)以(yi)干(gan)運行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),得到廣泛的(de)應用。干(gan)磨(mo)(mo)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)包(bao)括有(you)外罩(zhao)及(ji)(ji)(ji)架設于(yu)外罩(zhao)上且(qie)(qie)可(ke)呈(cheng)相對旋轉及(ji)(ji)(ji)貼(tie)合(he)的(de)動(dong)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)及(ji)(ji)(ji)靜(jing)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan),靜(jing)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)與外罩(zhao)固定連接,靜(jing)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)及(ji)(ji)(ji)動(dong)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)上分開設有(you)供(gong)旋轉軸安裝的(de)通(tong)孔(kong),且(qie)(qie)動(dong)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)與靜(jing)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)貼(tie)合(he)的(de)端面(mian)(mian)(mian)分別為動(dong)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)及(ji)(ji)(ji)靜(jing)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian),外罩(zhao)上設有(you)促使動(dong)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)與靜(jing)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)緊密(mi)(mi)貼(tie)合(he)的(de)彈性抵壓件(jian)。除了要(yao)保(bao)持密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)平行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)之外,主(zhu)要(yao)是摩(mo)擦副(fu)的(de)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)問題。

41.JPG

  摩(mo)擦材料應具備下列條件:


  (1)機械強度高,能耐壓和耐壓力變(bian)形;


  (2)具有耐干磨性(xing),耐高載荷性(xing),自潤滑(hua)性(xing)好(hao);


  (3)配對材(cai)料的(de)磨(mo)合(he)性好,無過大的(de)磨(mo)損(sun)和對偶腐蝕;


  (4)耐磨性好,摩(mo)擦材(cai)料雖然是(shi)易(yi)損件,起(qi)到保(bao)護制動(dong)或(huo)傳(chuan)動(dong)裝置的作用,但要(yao)求(qiu)具有一(yi)定(ding)的耐磨性,使用壽命盡量要(yao)長,刮傷、腐(fu)蝕和(he)粘附對偶,都會造(zao)成制動(dong)或(huo)傳(chuan)動(dong)的震動(dong)和(he)不穩定(ding);


  (5)導熱(re)(re)性(xing)和散(san)熱(re)(re)性(xing)好,導熱(re)(re)性(xing)是傳導熱(re)(re)量的能力大小,即包括吸熱(re)(re),也包括散(san)熱(re)(re),所以,導熱(re)(re)性(xing)好的必然(ran)散(san)熱(re)(re)性(xing)也好;


  (6)抗熱(re)裂性好,根本解決抗熱(re)裂性問(wen)題可能需要改變封孔(kong)方法;


  (7)耐腐蝕(shi)(shi)性強,一些(xie)有色金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)合金(jin)(jin)能(neng)將良好(hao)的摩擦學特性與有些(xie)流體的耐腐蝕(shi)(shi)性結合;


  (8)線膨脹系數小,熱(re)膨脹會造成摩(mo)擦材(cai)料與摩(mo)擦對偶之間(jian)的間(jian)隙過(guo)小,發生(sheng)拖摩(mo),損毀(hui)制動、傳動裝置。