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發布時間(jian):2021-12-17 11:54:31 人氣:93811 來源:
在研磨過程中,閥門制造的密封面是一個常用的整理方法,可以使方山機械密封摩擦端面(mian)尺寸精度提(ti)高,閥門的(de)密封面(mian),幾(ji)何(he)粗糙度和表面(mian)粗糙度,但不能提(ti)高密封表面(mian)的(de)相互位置精度。
方山機械密封面研磨包括五個方面的基本原理:研磨運動、研磨工藝、研磨速度、研磨壓力和研磨余量。研磨過程好一起研究密封面,隨著對方山機械密封研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)復雜面(mian),之間的(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)和(he)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)料(liao)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)相(xiang)對運(yun)動(dong)(dong)時,密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)圈(quan)(quan)表(biao)(biao)面(mian),磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)料(liao)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)部分(fen)和(he)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)之間的(de)(de)(de)(de)滑動(dong)(dong)或滾動(dong)(dong),切斷密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)圈(quan)(quan)上薄薄的(de)(de)(de)(de)一層金(jin)屬(shu)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)。密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)凸峰部分(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)圈(quan)(quan),表(biao)(biao)面(mian)研磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo),然后逐漸達到所要求的(de)(de)(de)(de)幾何形狀。不僅是金(jin)屬(shu)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)研磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)加(jia)工,以及化學作用。研磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)油可(ke)使加(jia)工表(biao)(biao)面(mian)形成的(de)(de)(de)(de)氧化膜,從而(er)加(jia)快(kuai)研磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)過(guo)程(cheng)。地(di)面(mian)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)相(xiang)對運(yun)動(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)和(he)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)圈(quan)(quan)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)圈(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu),對每(mei)個點的(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)道路和(he)相(xiang)對滑動(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)研究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)應該(gai)是一樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)。和(he)相(xiang)對運(yun)動(dong)(dong)方(fang)向改(gai)(gai)變(bian)。改(gai)(gai)變(bian)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)環(huan)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)每(mei)個粒(li)子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)上運(yun)動(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)向不會重復他(ta)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)軌跡,以避免(mian)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)損(sun)明顯增加(jia)了(le)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)環(huan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)粗(cu)糙度。此外,運(yun)動(dong)(dong)方(fang)向的(de)(de)(de)(de)改(gai)(gai)變(bian)不能使磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)粒(li)分(fen)布比(bi)較均勻,且均勻切斷金(jin)屬(shu)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)環(huan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)。
方山機械密封研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)是(shi)利用(yong)涂敷或者壓(ya)嵌游離磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)粒與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)劑的(de)(de)混合物,在(zai)一定剛性(xing)的(de)(de)軟質(zhi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)上,通過(guo)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)工(gong)件(jian)向磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)料施加(jia)一定壓(ya)力(li),磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)料滾(gun)動(dong)(dong)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)滑動(dong)(dong),從被研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)工(gong)件(jian)上去除極(ji)薄的(de)(de)余量(liang),以(yi)提高工(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)精度(du)和降低表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)粗糙度(du)值得加(jia)工(gong)方法。按研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)時有(you)無研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)液可分(fen)為干研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)濕研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)過(guo)程中,在(zai)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)壓(ya)力(li)下,眾多(duo)的(de)(de)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)料微(wei)粒進(jin)行微(wei)量(liang)切削(xue)(xue)。對(dui)(dui)工(gong)件(jian)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)進(jin)行擠(ji)壓(ya)、刻劃、滑擦(ca)(ca);在(zai)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)運動(dong)(dong)中當研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)壓(ya)嵌的(de)(de)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)粒脫落后及(ji)液中磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)粒相對(dui)(dui)工(gong)件(jian)發生(sheng)滾(gun)動(dong)(dong)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)過(guo)程中,在(zai)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)壓(ya)力(li)的(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)下,眾多(duo)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)粒進(jin)行微(wei)量(liang)切削(xue)(xue),同(tong)時被研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)發生(sheng)微(wei)小起伏的(de)(de)塑(su)性(xing)變形,并且被加(jia)入的(de)(de)諸(zhu)如硬脂酸、油酸、脂肪(fang)酸等活(huo)(huo)性(xing)物質(zhi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)被研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)起化學(xue)作(zuo)用(yong)。隨著研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)加(jia)工(gong)的(de)(de)進(jin)行,磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)工(gong)件(jian)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)間更(geng)趨貼近,其(qi)間充滿了微(wei)屑(xie)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)破碎(sui)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)料的(de)(de)碎(sui)渣,堵塞了研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian),對(dui)(dui)工(gong)件(jian)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)起滑擦(ca)(ca)作(zuo)用(yong)。所以(yi),研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)加(jia)工(gong)的(de)(de)實質(zhi)是(shi)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)粒的(de)(de)微(wei)量(liang)切削(xue)(xue)、研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)微(wei)小起伏的(de)(de)塑(su)性(xing)流(liu)動(dong)(dong)、表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)物質(zhi)的(de)(de)化學(xue)作(zuo)用(yong)及(ji)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)堵塞物與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)工(gong)件(jian)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)滑擦(ca)(ca)作(zuo)用(yong)的(de)(de)綜合結果。
為了不讓泵水通過軸與密封間隙泄漏,由出口冷凝泵或在鹽水中的母管引至密封水。給水泵是一種具有一定溫度、高溫的水通過泵軸或泵體金屬容器用方山機械密封將熱(re)量傳給軸承(cheng)(cheng),使軸承(cheng)(cheng)溫度升高。為了控制(zhi)傳熱(re),所以密封(feng)的水也起到冷(leng)卻作(zuo)用(yong)。
方山機械密封直接冷卻就是冷卻液體直接和密封端面接觸達到冷卻的目的。沖洗實際上也是直接冷卻的一種方式,沖洗方式中通過管路連接換熱器將冷卻后的沖洗液引入密封腔進行直接冷卻。還有一種直接冷卻就是在方山機械密封低壓(ya)側(大氣)將清水(shui)、蒸汽等(deng)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)卻流體(ti)(ti)直(zhi)接(jie)引入密封(feng)端泄(xie)露處(chu)的(de)一種(zhong)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)卻方式,也(ye)稱急(ji)冷(leng)(leng)(leng),急(ji)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)不僅冷(leng)(leng)(leng)卻*,還(huan)能將密封(feng)端面周圍的(de)雜質及泄(xie)露液(ye)(ye)帶(dai)走,急(ji)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)液(ye)(ye)其壓(ya)力比(bi)密封(feng)介質壓(ya)力低。急(ji)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)液(ye)(ye)應盡量采(cai)用軟水(shui),以防(fang)止(zhi)水(shui)垢產生破壞密封(feng)端面。當密封(feng)流體(ti)(ti)為易(yi)凝(ning)固、易(yi)結晶時(shi),可用蒸汽、溶劑等(deng)防(fang)止(zhi)流體(ti)(ti)凝(ning)結。