掃一掃,加微信
聯系客服,馬上詢價
發布時間(jian):2021-06-01 15:16:25 人(ren)氣:181197 來源(yuan):川(chuan)工密(mi)封
和田機械密封是一種依靠彈性元件(jian)對動、靜環端(duan)面(mian)密(mi)封副的(de)(de)預緊和(he)介(jie)質壓(ya)(ya)力與(yu)彈性元件(jian)壓(ya)(ya)力的(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)緊而達到(dao)密(mi)封的(de)(de)軸向端(duan)面(mian)密(mi)封裝置。動環和(he)靜環的(de)(de)端(duan)面(mian)組成(cheng)一對摩(mo)擦副,動環靠密(mi)封室中液(ye)體(ti)的(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)力使(shi)其端(duan)面(mian)壓(ya)(ya)緊在靜環端(duan)面(mian)上(shang),并在兩環端(duan)面(mian)上(shang)產生適當的(de)(de)比壓(ya)(ya)和(he)保持一層極(ji)薄的(de)(de)液(ye)體(ti)膜而達到(dao)密(mi)封的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)。
常用和田機械密封結構由靜止(zhi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(靜環(huan)(huan)(huan))、旋轉環(huan)(huan)(huan)(動(dong)環(huan)(huan)(huan))、彈(dan)(dan)性元(yuan)件、彈(dan)(dan)簧座、固(gu)緊件、旋轉環(huan)(huan)(huan)輔助密封(feng)圈和靜止(zhi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)輔助密封(feng)圈等元(yuan)件組(zu)成,防(fang)轉銷固(gu)定在壓蓋(gai)上以防(fang)止(zhi)靜止(zhi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)轉動(dong)。這些(xie)元(yuan)件都有哪些(xie)作用呢?
(1)動(dong)(dong)(dong)、靜環(huan)(huan)(huan):保持(chi)緊密貼合組成密封面(mian)(mian)防(fang)止(zhi)介質泄(xie)漏(lou)。要(yao)求動(dong)(dong)(dong)、靜環(huan)(huan)(huan)具(ju)有良好的耐(nai)磨(mo)性動(dong)(dong)(dong)環(huan)(huan)(huan)可(ke)以軸向(xiang)移(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong),自動(dong)(dong)(dong)補償密封面(mian)(mian)磨(mo)損,使(shi)之與靜環(huan)(huan)(huan)良好地貼合,靜環(huan)(huan)(huan)有浮動(dong)(dong)(dong)性,起緩沖作(zuo)用。
(2)彈性元件(彈簧、波紋板、蛇形套等):主要作用是對密封端面產生一定的預緊壓力,使端面在啟動、停車和介質壓力波動時能保持良好的接合。同時用來克服輔助密封圈與軸之間的摩擦力,使補償環沿軸向移動,以補償端面磨損后形成的間隙。此外,還可對軸的跳動等引起的振動起一定的緩沖作用。用的彈性元件有圓柱螺旋壓縮彈簧、波形片彈簧、蝶形彈簧和波紋管。其中圓柱螺旋壓縮彈簧使用廣。波形彈簧和蝶形彈簧具有軸向尺寸小,剛度大,結構緊湊的優點,但軸向位移和彈簧力較小,一般適用于軸向尺寸要求很緊湊的輕型和田機械密封。波形(xing)管常用于高溫(wen)、低溫(wen)、強腐蝕等特殊條件。
(3)輔助密(mi)封(feng)(0形(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)、V形(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)、楔(xie)形(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)及其他異形(xing)密(mi)封(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)):主要(yao)起(qi)到靜(jing)(jing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)和動環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)的(de)(de)密(mi)封(feng)作(zuo)用,同時(shi)也起(qi)到浮動性和緩沖的(de)(de)作(zuo)用。要(yao)求(qiu)靜(jing)(jing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)的(de)(de)輔助密(mi)封(feng)元件保證靜(jing)(jing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)與(yu)壓(ya)蓋之間(jian)的(de)(de)密(mi)封(feng)性,使靜(jing)(jing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)有一定的(de)(de)浮動性,動環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)的(de)(de)輔助密(mi)封(feng)元件保證動環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)與(yu)軸或軸套之間(jian)的(de)(de)密(mi)封(feng).材(cai)料要(yao)求(qiu)耐(nai)熱(re)、耐(nai)寒方(fang)面(mian)與(yu)介質接近。
(4)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)件:傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)件包括傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)銷、傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)環、傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)座、傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)套(tao)、傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)鍵、傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)突耳或牙嵌(qian)式聯(lian)接器(qi),其作(zuo)用是將軸的轉矩傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)給動(dong)(dong)環,材(cai)料(liao)要求耐腐蝕和(he)耐磨損。
(5)固緊件:包(bao)括緊定(ding)螺釘、彈簧座、壓(ya)蓋、組裝套(tao)、軸套(tao)。起著靜(jing)、動環的定(ding)位、固緊作用。要(yao)求定(ding)位正確,保(bao)證摩(mo)擦副密封(feng)面(mian)處(chu)(chu)于正確的位置,并且保(bao)持良(liang)好貼合(he)的彈簧比壓(ya),同時要(yao)求拆裝方(fang)便,容易就位,能(neng)重復(fu)使用,與輔(fu)助密封(feng)配合(he)處(chu)(chu)應注意安(an)裝密封(feng)環的倒角(jiao)和(he)壓(ya)彈量,特別注意動環密封(feng)圈與軸套(tao)配合(he)處(chu)(chu)要(yao)求耐腐蝕(shi)和(he)耐磨損,必要(yao)時采用硬面(mian)復(fu)層。
介紹完了和田機械密封的基本元件,接下來看看密封失效都會發生在哪些元件處。和田機械密封的泄漏點基(ji)本上都(dou)表現在6處(chu):①動(dong)、靜(jing)環端面處(chu);②靜(jing)環與(yu)靜(jing)環盒的輔助密(mi)封(feng)處(chu);③靜(jing)環壓蓋(gai)與(yu)離心泵(beng)泵(beng)體之間的密(mi)封(feng)處(chu);④動(dong)環鑲嵌(qian)結(jie)構配(pei)合(he)處(chu);⑤軸套與(yu)泵(beng)軸之間的密(mi)封(feng)處(chu);⑥動(dong)環與(yu)軸套的輔助密(mi)封(feng)處(chu)。
注(zhu)意:⑤和⑥只有在安裝(zhuang)軸套時才存在。