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江州干磨密封解決了摩擦熱過高的問題

發布時間(jian):2021-12-17 11:48:10 人氣(qi):98746 來(lai)源:

  在使用過程中,大多數江州機械密封都屬于接觸式密封,其機理是靠動密封環與靜密封環的接觸端面在密封流體壓力和彈性元件壓緊力的作用下緊密貼合,并相對滑動而達到密封。工作時,江州機械密封端面上同時發生摩擦、滑動與磨損等現象,摩擦是它的基本特征。江州機械密封端(duan)面(mian)(mian)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)的工況一(yi)(yi)般分為:流(liu)體摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)、混合摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)和邊界摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)三(san)類,但不能(neng)長時間干摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)。干摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)狀態時,兩端(duan)面(mian)(mian)間的固體表面(mian)(mian)微(wei)凸體將直(zhi)接接觸而引起劇烈(lie)的磨(mo)(mo)損。磨(mo)(mo)損時一(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)會(hui)使摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)表面(mian)(mian)物質(zhi)喪失(shi)或遷移(yi),導致(zhi)表面(mian)(mian)損壞(huai);另一(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)會(hui)產生大量的摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)熱(re)直(zhi)至燒毀密封。在無流(liu)體介質(zhi)的工況下,如何減(jian)少磨(mo)(mo)損降低摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)熱(re),那就(jiu)要依靠(kao)干磨(mo)(mo)密封了。


  干(gan)磨密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)屬(shu)于浮動密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)一種,常(chang)用(yong)材質為耐(nai)磨碳精,結構(gou)包括(kuo)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)腔體和環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)軸套,密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)腔體內有(you)(you)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)槽,槽內至少裝(zhuang)有(you)(you)二(er)(er)個截面為矩形的(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)石(shi)墨(mo)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan),石(shi)墨(mo)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)的(de)(de)內徑(jing)與環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)軸套之間有(you)(you)0.01-0.04的(de)(de)間隙(xi),軸套外(wai)表面涂有(you)(you)耐(nai)磨涂層,涂層材料一般為三氧化二(er)(er)鋁或三氧化二(er)(er)鉻。干(gan)磨密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)有(you)(you)時(shi)需要(yao)增加隔(ge)離氣(qi),通常(chang)使用(yong)氮(dan)(dan)氣(qi),氮(dan)(dan)氣(qi)耗量能(neng)控制在25-40。主要(yao)應用(yong)于密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)易燃有(you)(you)毒介質,由(you)于操(cao)作維修簡單,密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)性(xing)好,不需要(yao)復雜的(de)(de)潤滑冷卻系統,可以干(gan)運行(xing)(xing)(xing),得到(dao)廣泛的(de)(de)應用(yong)。干(gan)磨密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)包括(kuo)有(you)(you)外(wai)罩(zhao)(zhao)及(ji)(ji)架設于外(wai)罩(zhao)(zhao)上且可呈相對旋轉(zhuan)及(ji)(ji)貼(tie)合的(de)(de)動密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)及(ji)(ji)靜(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan),靜(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)與外(wai)罩(zhao)(zhao)固定連(lian)接,靜(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)及(ji)(ji)動密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)上分開(kai)設有(you)(you)供(gong)旋轉(zhuan)軸安裝(zhuang)的(de)(de)通孔,且動密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)與靜(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)貼(tie)合的(de)(de)端面分別為動密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面及(ji)(ji)靜(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面,外(wai)罩(zhao)(zhao)上設有(you)(you)促使動密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)與靜(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)緊密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)貼(tie)合的(de)(de)彈性(xing)抵壓件(jian)。除(chu)了(le)要(yao)保持密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面平行(xing)(xing)(xing)之外(wai),主要(yao)是摩擦副的(de)(de)材料問題。

41.JPG

  摩擦材料(liao)應具(ju)備下列條件:


  (1)機械強度高,能耐(nai)(nai)壓和耐(nai)(nai)壓力變形;


  (2)具有耐(nai)干磨性(xing),耐(nai)高載荷性(xing),自潤滑性(xing)好(hao);


  (3)配(pei)對材(cai)料的磨(mo)合性好(hao),無過大的磨(mo)損(sun)和對偶腐蝕;


  (4)耐磨性好(hao),摩擦材料(liao)雖然是易損(sun)件,起到(dao)保護(hu)制動(dong)或傳動(dong)裝置(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong),但要求具有一定的(de)(de)(de)耐磨性,使用(yong)壽命盡量要長,刮傷(shang)、腐蝕和粘附對偶,都會造成(cheng)制動(dong)或傳動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)震動(dong)和不穩定;


  (5)導(dao)熱(re)(re)性(xing)(xing)和散(san)熱(re)(re)性(xing)(xing)好(hao),導(dao)熱(re)(re)性(xing)(xing)是(shi)傳導(dao)熱(re)(re)量的能力(li)大小,即包括吸熱(re)(re),也包括散(san)熱(re)(re),所以(yi),導(dao)熱(re)(re)性(xing)(xing)好(hao)的必然散(san)熱(re)(re)性(xing)(xing)也好(hao);


  (6)抗熱(re)裂(lie)性(xing)好,根本解(jie)決抗熱(re)裂(lie)性(xing)問(wen)題可(ke)能需要改(gai)變封(feng)孔方法;


  (7)耐(nai)腐蝕(shi)性(xing)強,一些有(you)色金屬合金能將良好的(de)摩擦學特性(xing)與有(you)些流體的(de)耐(nai)腐蝕(shi)性(xing)結合;


  (8)線膨(peng)脹(zhang)系數(shu)小,熱膨(peng)脹(zhang)會造成摩(mo)擦材料與摩(mo)擦對(dui)偶之間的間隙過小,發生(sheng)拖摩(mo),損(sun)毀制動、傳(chuan)動裝置。