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蕉嶺干磨密封解決了摩擦熱過高的問題

發布時間:2021-12-17 11:48:10 人氣:98687 來源:

  在使用過程中,大多數蕉嶺機械密封都屬于接觸式密封,其機理是靠動密封環與靜密封環的接觸端面在密封流體壓力和彈性元件壓緊力的作用下緊密貼合,并相對滑動而達到密封。工作時,蕉嶺機械密封端面上同時發生摩擦、滑動與磨損等現象,摩擦是它的基本特征。蕉嶺機械密封端面摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)的(de)工(gong)況一(yi)(yi)般分為:流(liu)(liu)體(ti)(ti)摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)、混合摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)和(he)邊界摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)三類,但不能(neng)長時(shi)間干摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)。干摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)狀態(tai)時(shi),兩端面間的(de)固體(ti)(ti)表(biao)面微凸體(ti)(ti)將直接接觸而引起劇烈的(de)磨損(sun)(sun)。磨損(sun)(sun)時(shi)一(yi)(yi)方(fang)面會(hui)使摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)表(biao)面物質喪失或遷移,導(dao)致表(biao)面損(sun)(sun)壞;另一(yi)(yi)方(fang)面會(hui)產生(sheng)大(da)量(liang)的(de)摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)熱直至燒(shao)毀密(mi)封(feng)。在無流(liu)(liu)體(ti)(ti)介質的(de)工(gong)況下,如何減(jian)少(shao)磨損(sun)(sun)降(jiang)低摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)熱,那就要依靠干磨密(mi)封(feng)了(le)。


  干(gan)磨密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)屬于(yu)(yu)浮動(dong)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)一種,常(chang)用(yong)(yong)材(cai)質(zhi)為耐(nai)磨碳精,結構(gou)包括(kuo)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)腔(qiang)體(ti)和(he)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)軸(zhou)套,密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)腔(qiang)體(ti)內有(you)(you)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)槽,槽內至少裝有(you)(you)二個截面(mian)(mian)為矩形的(de)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)石墨密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan),石墨密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)的(de)內徑與環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)軸(zhou)套之間(jian)有(you)(you)0.01-0.04的(de)間(jian)隙,軸(zhou)套外(wai)表面(mian)(mian)涂有(you)(you)耐(nai)磨涂層(ceng),涂層(ceng)材(cai)料一般為三(san)氧化(hua)二鋁或三(san)氧化(hua)二鉻(ge)。干(gan)磨密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)有(you)(you)時需(xu)要(yao)增加隔離(li)氣,通常(chang)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)氮(dan)氣,氮(dan)氣耗量能控制在25-40。主要(yao)應用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)易燃(ran)有(you)(you)毒介質(zhi),由于(yu)(yu)操作維修(xiu)簡單,密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)性好,不需(xu)要(yao)復(fu)雜的(de)潤滑(hua)冷卻系統(tong),可以干(gan)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing),得到廣(guang)泛的(de)應用(yong)(yong)。干(gan)磨密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)包括(kuo)有(you)(you)外(wai)罩及架設(she)于(yu)(yu)外(wai)罩上且(qie)可呈相(xiang)對旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)及貼合(he)(he)(he)的(de)動(dong)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)及靜(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan),靜(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)與外(wai)罩固(gu)定連接,靜(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)及動(dong)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)上分(fen)開設(she)有(you)(you)供旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)軸(zhou)安裝的(de)通孔,且(qie)動(dong)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)與靜(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)貼合(he)(he)(he)的(de)端面(mian)(mian)分(fen)別為動(dong)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)及靜(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian),外(wai)罩上設(she)有(you)(you)促(cu)使(shi)動(dong)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)與靜(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)緊密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)貼合(he)(he)(he)的(de)彈性抵(di)壓(ya)件。除(chu)了要(yao)保持(chi)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)平(ping)行(xing)(xing)(xing)之外(wai),主要(yao)是摩擦副的(de)材(cai)料問題。

41.JPG

  摩(mo)擦(ca)材料(liao)應具備下列條(tiao)件:


  (1)機械強度高,能耐壓和耐壓力變形;


  (2)具有耐(nai)干磨性(xing),耐(nai)高(gao)載荷性(xing),自潤滑性(xing)好;


  (3)配對(dui)(dui)材料的磨(mo)合(he)性好(hao),無(wu)過大的磨(mo)損和(he)對(dui)(dui)偶腐蝕(shi);


  (4)耐(nai)磨性好,摩擦材(cai)料雖然(ran)是易損件(jian),起(qi)到保護制(zhi)動(dong)或傳動(dong)裝置的作用,但要求具有一定(ding)的耐(nai)磨性,使(shi)用壽命(ming)盡量要長,刮傷、腐蝕和粘附對偶,都(dou)會造成制(zhi)動(dong)或傳動(dong)的震動(dong)和不穩定(ding);


  (5)導(dao)熱(re)性(xing)(xing)和散熱(re)性(xing)(xing)好(hao),導(dao)熱(re)性(xing)(xing)是傳導(dao)熱(re)量的(de)能力大(da)小(xiao),即(ji)包括吸(xi)熱(re),也(ye)包括散熱(re),所(suo)以(yi),導(dao)熱(re)性(xing)(xing)好(hao)的(de)必然(ran)散熱(re)性(xing)(xing)也(ye)好(hao);


  (6)抗熱(re)裂(lie)(lie)性好,根本解(jie)決抗熱(re)裂(lie)(lie)性問題可能需(xu)要改變封孔方法(fa);


  (7)耐腐蝕(shi)性(xing)(xing)強,一些(xie)有色金屬合金能將(jiang)良(liang)好(hao)的(de)(de)摩擦學特性(xing)(xing)與有些(xie)流體的(de)(de)耐腐蝕(shi)性(xing)(xing)結合;


  (8)線膨脹系數小(xiao)(xiao),熱膨脹會造成摩(mo)擦材料與摩(mo)擦對偶之間(jian)的間(jian)隙(xi)過小(xiao)(xiao),發生拖(tuo)摩(mo),損毀(hui)制動、傳動裝置。