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莒縣干磨密封解決了摩擦熱過高的問題

發布時間:2021-12-17 11:48:10 人氣:94753 來(lai)源:

  在使用過程中,大多數莒縣機械密封都屬于接觸式密封,其機理是靠動密封環與靜密封環的接觸端面在密封流體壓力和彈性元件壓緊力的作用下緊密貼合,并相對滑動而達到密封。工作時,莒縣機械密封端面上同時發生摩擦、滑動與磨損等現象,摩擦是它的基本特征。莒縣機械密封端面(mian)(mian)(mian)摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)的工況(kuang)一(yi)般分為:流(liu)體(ti)摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)、混合摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)和(he)邊界摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)三類,但不(bu)能長時(shi)間干摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)。干摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)狀態時(shi),兩端面(mian)(mian)(mian)間的固(gu)體(ti)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)微凸體(ti)將直接接觸而引起劇烈(lie)的磨損。磨損時(shi)一(yi)方(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)會使(shi)摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)物質喪失或(huo)遷移,導致表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)損壞;另(ling)一(yi)方(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)會產生(sheng)大量(liang)的摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)熱直至(zhi)燒毀(hui)密封(feng)。在無流(liu)體(ti)介質的工況(kuang)下,如何減少磨損降(jiang)低摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)熱,那就(jiu)要(yao)依靠干磨密封(feng)了。


  干磨(mo)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)屬于(yu)浮動(dong)(dong)(dong)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)一種,常用材(cai)質為耐磨(mo)碳精,結構包(bao)括(kuo)環(huan)(huan)(huan)行密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)腔體和環(huan)(huan)(huan)行軸套,密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)腔體內(nei)有(you)環(huan)(huan)(huan)行槽,槽內(nei)至少(shao)裝(zhuang)有(you)二(er)個截(jie)面(mian)(mian)為矩(ju)形(xing)的(de)環(huan)(huan)(huan)行石墨密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan),石墨密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)的(de)內(nei)徑與(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)行軸套之間(jian)有(you)0.01-0.04的(de)間(jian)隙,軸套外(wai)(wai)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)涂有(you)耐磨(mo)涂層,涂層材(cai)料(liao)一般為三氧(yang)化二(er)鋁或三氧(yang)化二(er)鉻。干磨(mo)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)有(you)時(shi)需要(yao)增加隔離氣(qi),通常使(shi)(shi)用氮氣(qi),氮氣(qi)耗量能控制在25-40。主(zhu)要(yao)應用于(yu)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)易燃有(you)毒介(jie)質,由于(yu)操作維修簡單(dan),密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)性好(hao),不需要(yao)復雜的(de)潤滑冷(leng)卻(que)系統,可(ke)以(yi)干運(yun)行,得到廣(guang)泛(fan)的(de)應用。干磨(mo)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)包(bao)括(kuo)有(you)外(wai)(wai)罩及(ji)架設于(yu)外(wai)(wai)罩上且可(ke)呈相對旋轉(zhuan)及(ji)貼合(he)的(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)及(ji)靜(jing)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan),靜(jing)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)與(yu)外(wai)(wai)罩固(gu)定連接,靜(jing)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)及(ji)動(dong)(dong)(dong)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)上分開設有(you)供旋轉(zhuan)軸安裝(zhuang)的(de)通孔,且動(dong)(dong)(dong)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)與(yu)靜(jing)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)貼合(he)的(de)端面(mian)(mian)分別(bie)為動(dong)(dong)(dong)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)及(ji)靜(jing)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian),外(wai)(wai)罩上設有(you)促使(shi)(shi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)與(yu)靜(jing)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)緊密(mi)(mi)貼合(he)的(de)彈(dan)性抵(di)壓(ya)件。除(chu)了要(yao)保(bao)持密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)平行之外(wai)(wai),主(zhu)要(yao)是摩擦副的(de)材(cai)料(liao)問題。

41.JPG

  摩擦材料應具備下列(lie)條件:


  (1)機械強度高,能耐壓和耐壓力變形;


  (2)具(ju)有耐(nai)干磨性,耐(nai)高載(zai)荷性,自潤滑性好;


  (3)配(pei)對(dui)材(cai)料(liao)的(de)磨合性好,無過大(da)的(de)磨損和對(dui)偶腐蝕;


  (4)耐(nai)磨性好,摩擦材料雖然是易損件,起到保護制動或傳動裝置的作用(yong),但要求(qiu)具有(you)一定的耐(nai)磨性,使用(yong)壽命盡量要長,刮傷、腐蝕和(he)粘附對偶,都(dou)會(hui)造(zao)成制動或傳動的震動和(he)不穩定;


  (5)導熱(re)性(xing)(xing)和(he)散熱(re)性(xing)(xing)好,導熱(re)性(xing)(xing)是傳導熱(re)量的(de)(de)能(neng)力大小,即包括(kuo)吸(xi)熱(re),也包括(kuo)散熱(re),所(suo)以,導熱(re)性(xing)(xing)好的(de)(de)必然散熱(re)性(xing)(xing)也好;


  (6)抗(kang)熱裂性(xing)好,根本解決抗(kang)熱裂性(xing)問題可能需要(yao)改變封孔方(fang)法;


  (7)耐(nai)(nai)腐蝕性強,一(yi)些有色金屬合金能將良(liang)好的(de)摩擦學特性與有些流(liu)體的(de)耐(nai)(nai)腐蝕性結合;


  (8)線膨脹(zhang)系數(shu)小,熱(re)膨脹(zhang)會造成(cheng)摩擦(ca)材料與(yu)摩擦(ca)對偶之(zhi)間(jian)的間(jian)隙過小,發生拖摩,損毀制動、傳動裝置。