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發布時間:2021-06-01 15:16:25 人氣(qi):181264 來源:川工(gong)密封
麗江機械密封是一種依靠(kao)彈性元件(jian)對動(dong)(dong)、靜環(huan)(huan)(huan)端(duan)(duan)(duan)面(mian)(mian)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)副的預(yu)緊(jin)和(he)介質(zhi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力與彈性元件(jian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力的壓(ya)(ya)(ya)緊(jin)而達(da)到密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)的軸向端(duan)(duan)(duan)面(mian)(mian)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)裝置。動(dong)(dong)環(huan)(huan)(huan)和(he)靜環(huan)(huan)(huan)的端(duan)(duan)(duan)面(mian)(mian)組成一對摩擦副,動(dong)(dong)環(huan)(huan)(huan)靠(kao)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)室中液體(ti)的壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力使(shi)其(qi)端(duan)(duan)(duan)面(mian)(mian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)緊(jin)在(zai)靜環(huan)(huan)(huan)端(duan)(duan)(duan)面(mian)(mian)上,并在(zai)兩環(huan)(huan)(huan)端(duan)(duan)(duan)面(mian)(mian)上產生適當的比壓(ya)(ya)(ya)和(he)保持(chi)一層(ceng)極薄的液體(ti)膜(mo)而達(da)到密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)的目的。
常用麗江機械密封結構(gou)由靜止環(huan)(huan)(靜環(huan)(huan))、旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)環(huan)(huan)(動(dong)環(huan)(huan))、彈性(xing)元件(jian)、彈簧(huang)座(zuo)、固緊(jin)件(jian)、旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)環(huan)(huan)輔助密封(feng)圈和(he)靜止環(huan)(huan)輔助密封(feng)圈等元件(jian)組成,防(fang)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)銷(xiao)固定在壓蓋上以防(fang)止靜止環(huan)(huan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)。這些元件(jian)都有哪些作用呢?
(1)動(dong)(dong)(dong)、靜(jing)環(huan):保(bao)持緊密貼(tie)合組成密封面(mian)(mian)防止介質泄漏。要求動(dong)(dong)(dong)、靜(jing)環(huan)具(ju)有(you)良(liang)好(hao)的耐磨(mo)性(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)環(huan)可以軸向移(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong),自動(dong)(dong)(dong)補償密封面(mian)(mian)磨(mo)損,使之(zhi)與靜(jing)環(huan)良(liang)好(hao)地貼(tie)合,靜(jing)環(huan)有(you)浮(fu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)性(xing),起緩沖作用。
(2)彈性元件(彈簧、波紋板、蛇形套等):主要作用是對密封端面產生一定的預緊壓力,使端面在啟動、停車和介質壓力波動時能保持良好的接合。同時用來克服輔助密封圈與軸之間的摩擦力,使補償環沿軸向移動,以補償端面磨損后形成的間隙。此外,還可對軸的跳動等引起的振動起一定的緩沖作用。用的彈性元件有圓柱螺旋壓縮彈簧、波形片彈簧、蝶形彈簧和波紋管。其中圓柱螺旋壓縮彈簧使用廣。波形彈簧和蝶形彈簧具有軸向尺寸小,剛度大,結構緊湊的優點,但軸向位移和彈簧力較小,一般適用于軸向尺寸要求很緊湊的輕型麗江機械密封。波形管(guan)常用于高溫(wen)、低溫(wen)、強腐(fu)蝕等特殊條件。
(3)輔助(zhu)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(0形(xing)(xing)環、V形(xing)(xing)環、楔形(xing)(xing)環及其他異(yi)形(xing)(xing)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)環):主(zhu)要起到(dao)靜(jing)(jing)環和動環的(de)(de)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)作用(yong)(yong),同時也起到(dao)浮(fu)動性和緩沖的(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)。要求靜(jing)(jing)環的(de)(de)輔助(zhu)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)元(yuan)件(jian)保(bao)證靜(jing)(jing)環與(yu)壓(ya)蓋(gai)之間的(de)(de)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)性,使靜(jing)(jing)環有一定的(de)(de)浮(fu)動性,動環的(de)(de)輔助(zhu)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)元(yuan)件(jian)保(bao)證動環與(yu)軸或(huo)軸套之間的(de)(de)密(mi)封(feng)(feng).材料要求耐熱(re)、耐寒方面與(yu)介(jie)質接近。
(4)傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)件:傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)件包括傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)銷、傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)環、傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)座(zuo)、傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)套、傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)鍵、傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)突耳或牙嵌式(shi)聯接器,其作用是將軸(zhou)的轉矩(ju)傳(chuan)給動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)環,材料要求耐(nai)腐蝕和耐(nai)磨損。
(5)固緊件(jian):包括緊定(ding)螺釘、彈簧座、壓蓋(gai)、組裝套、軸(zhou)(zhou)套。起(qi)著(zhu)靜、動環(huan)(huan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)位、固緊作用。要(yao)求定(ding)位正確,保(bao)證摩擦副密(mi)封面處于正確的(de)(de)(de)(de)位置(zhi),并(bing)且保(bao)持良好貼(tie)合(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)彈簧比壓,同時要(yao)求拆裝方便(bian),容(rong)易就(jiu)位,能重復(fu)使用,與(yu)輔助密(mi)封配合(he)(he)處應注意(yi)安(an)裝密(mi)封環(huan)(huan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)倒(dao)角和(he)壓彈量,特別(bie)注意(yi)動環(huan)(huan)密(mi)封圈與(yu)軸(zhou)(zhou)套配合(he)(he)處要(yao)求耐(nai)(nai)腐(fu)蝕和(he)耐(nai)(nai)磨損,必要(yao)時采用硬(ying)面復(fu)層。
介紹完了麗江機械密封的基本元件,接下來看看密封失效都會發生在哪些元件處。麗江機械密封的(de)(de)泄漏點基本上(shang)都表(biao)現在6處(chu):①動(dong)、靜(jing)(jing)環(huan)端(duan)面處(chu);②靜(jing)(jing)環(huan)與(yu)靜(jing)(jing)環(huan)盒的(de)(de)輔助密封處(chu);③靜(jing)(jing)環(huan)壓蓋與(yu)離心(xin)泵泵體之間的(de)(de)密封處(chu);④動(dong)環(huan)鑲(xiang)嵌結(jie)構配合處(chu);⑤軸套與(yu)泵軸之間的(de)(de)密封處(chu);⑥動(dong)環(huan)與(yu)軸套的(de)(de)輔助密封處(chu)。
注意:⑤和⑥只(zhi)有在安裝(zhuang)軸套(tao)時才存(cun)在。