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發布時間:2022-01-20 15:07:30 人氣:154500 來源(yuan):
瑪多機械密封裝置主要有主密封和與其配套的輔助系統組成。主密封作用是密封工作介質,而輔助系統是為主密封提供良好的工作環境,以保證瑪多機械密封可靠、穩定地運行,輔助系統是決定瑪多機械密封能否(fou)可靠、穩定運行的必(bi)要(yao)條件。
瑪多機械密封輔(fu)(fu)助系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)有壓(ya)力(li)控(kong)制、溫度(du)控(kong)制、空氣和(he)雜(za)質(zhi)清除(chu)以(yi)及流體(ti)替(ti)代(dai)(阻塞)等系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)。輔(fu)(fu)助系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)選擇主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要取決于主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)使用(yong)(yong)場合(he)。例如,主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)用(yong)(yong)于高溫液體(ti),輔(fu)(fu)助系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要功能(neng)就是(shi)降(jiang)低主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)環(huan)境(jing)溫度(du);主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)用(yong)(yong)于固體(ti)雜(za)質(zhi)含量高的(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)介(jie)質(zhi),輔(fu)(fu)助系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)就要保(bao)(bao)(bao)證在(zai)(zai)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)前降(jiang)低固體(ti)雜(za)質(zhi)含量,在(zai)(zai)腐蝕(shi)介(jie)質(zhi)中,輔(fu)(fu)助系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)就要保(bao)(bao)(bao)證在(zai)(zai)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)前降(jiang)低腐蝕(shi)速(su)度(du)或消除(chu)腐蝕(shi)(即流體(ti)替(ti)代(dai)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong));在(zai)(zai)高壓(ya)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)裝置(zhi)中,輔(fu)(fu)助系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)應(ying)保(bao)(bao)(bao)證具備(bei)(bei)降(jiang)壓(ya)功能(neng),即采用(yong)(yong)壓(ya)力(li)控(kong)制。采用(yong)(yong)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)可以(yi)改善主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)條件,使整(zheng)個設備(bei)(bei)、系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)減少泄漏,能(neng)保(bao)(bao)(bao)證密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)可靠性并延長其壽命,為設備(bei)(bei)和(he)工(gong)(gong)藝裝置(zhi)安(an)全(quan)、可靠地運(yun)行提供保(bao)(bao)(bao)證。
1、瑪多機械密封系統的壓力控制
對于瑪多機械密封來講,壓力(li)、軸轉(zhuan)速(su)、溫度這三者是(shi)密(mi)切相關(guan)的,PV值大,勢必溫度升高。一(yi)(yi)般(ban)泵的轉(zhuan)速(su)是(shi)固定的或在在一(yi)(yi)定范圍(wei)內,其(qi)壓力(li)也是(shi)固定在一(yi)(yi)個范圍(wei)內,因此,控制(zhi)密(mi)封的環境壓力(li)是(shi)必須的。
在工(gong)藝條(tiao)件(jian)允許的(de)情(qing)況下(xia),采(cai)用(yong)(yong)平(ping)衡型密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)是(shi)減少密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)面比壓(ya)(ya)的(de)最(zui)好(hao)辦法。在泵本身方(fang)面,可(ke)以(yi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)下(xia)列辦法來降低(di)軸(zhou)封(feng)(feng)前(qian)的(de)壓(ya)(ya)力,從而(er)減輕軸(zhou)封(feng)(feng)載荷:葉(xie)(xie)輪開平(ping)衡孔;葉(xie)(xie)輪帶背葉(xie)(xie)片;加副葉(xie)(xie)輪等。未了減輕軸(zhou)封(feng)(feng)載荷,還可(ke)以(yi)在密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)前(qian)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)迷宮密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)、螺旋密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)、節流(liu)套密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)等以(yi)降低(di)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)前(qian)的(de)壓(ya)(ya)力。為了良好(hao)地分配壓(ya)(ya)力,還可(ke)以(yi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)串聯式密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)。
2、瑪多機械密封溫度控制系統
這是瑪多機械密封主要的系統。密封面的摩擦和機械攪拌會不斷產生熱量;泵送的高溫介質對密封的影響。這些熱量必須及時排除才能保證瑪多機械密封可靠工作(zuo),因此,必(bi)須(xu)進(jin)行溫度控(kong)制。
溫(wen)度控制不僅(jin)對密封有利,而(er)且對其他部分也是必須(xu)的(de),這可(ke)以(yi)防止:
a.摩擦副密封環熱變形和碳石墨浸漬劑熔(rong)化;
b.密封(feng)面(mian)間液膜(mo)黏度變(bian)化(hua)和液膜(mo)汽化(hua);
c.輔助(zhu)密封元件失效(xiao),如(ru)橡膠密封圈軟化(hua)、老(lao)化(hua)和分解;
d.加速腐(fu)蝕介質對零件(jian)的腐(fu)蝕;
e.有些介質(zhi)易發生聚合或分(fen)解等。
瑪多機械密封最(zui)常用的溫度控制方法是沖洗、冷卻(que)循環等。