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平定研磨和冷卻對密封面都非常重要

發布(bu)時間(jian):2021-12-17 11:54:31 人氣:98882 來源:

  在研磨過程中,閥門制造的密封面是一個常用的整理方法,可以使平定機械密封摩擦端面(mian)尺寸(cun)精度(du)提高,閥門(men)的密封(feng)面(mian),幾何粗(cu)糙度(du)和表面(mian)粗(cu)糙度(du),但不能(neng)提高密封(feng)表面(mian)的相互(hu)位置精度(du)。


  平定機械密封面研磨包括五個方面的基本原理:研磨運動、研磨工藝、研磨速度、研磨壓力和研磨余量。研磨過程好一起研究密封面,隨著對平定機械密封研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)復(fu)雜(za)面,之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)面和密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)磨(mo)料磨(mo)具(ju)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)相對(dui)運動(dong)(dong)(dong)時,密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)圈表(biao)面,磨(mo)料磨(mo)具(ju)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)部(bu)分和密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)滑動(dong)(dong)(dong)或滾動(dong)(dong)(dong),切斷密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)圈上薄薄的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一層金(jin)(jin)屬表(biao)面。密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)凸峰(feng)部(bu)分的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圈,表(biao)面研(yan)(yan)磨(mo),然后逐漸達(da)到所要求(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)幾何形狀。不(bu)僅是(shi)金(jin)(jin)屬磨(mo)料的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)加(jia)工(gong),以及化學(xue)作用。研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)油可使加(jia)工(gong)表(biao)面形成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氧(yang)化膜,從(cong)而加(jia)快研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)過程(cheng)。地面運動(dong)(dong)(dong)相對(dui)運動(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)面和密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)圈密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)圈的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu),對(dui)每(mei)個(ge)點的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)面上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)道(dao)路(lu)和相對(dui)滑動(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)應該(gai)是(shi)一樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。和相對(dui)運動(dong)(dong)(dong)方向(xiang)改(gai)變。改(gai)變密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)每(mei)個(ge)粒子的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)面上運動(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方向(xiang)不(bu)會重復(fu)他(ta)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)軌(gui)跡,以避免(mian)磨(mo)損(sun)明顯增加(jia)了密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)面粗糙度。此外,運動(dong)(dong)(dong)方向(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)改(gai)變不(bu)能使磨(mo)粒分布(bu)比較均勻,且均勻切斷金(jin)(jin)屬密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)面。

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  平定機械密封研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)是利(li)用(yong)涂敷或者壓嵌游離磨(mo)粒(li)(li)(li)與(yu)(yu)(yu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)劑的(de)混(hun)合物,在一定剛性的(de)軟質研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)上,通過研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)與(yu)(yu)(yu)工件(jian)(jian)向磨(mo)料施加(jia)一定壓力(li),磨(mo)料滾動與(yu)(yu)(yu)滑動,從被研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)工件(jian)(jian)上去(qu)除極薄的(de)余(yu)量,以提高工件(jian)(jian)的(de)精度和(he)降低表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)粗(cu)糙度值得加(jia)工方(fang)法。按研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)時有無研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)液(ye)可分(fen)為(wei)干研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)與(yu)(yu)(yu)濕研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)過程(cheng)中,在研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)壓力(li)下(xia),眾多的(de)磨(mo)料微(wei)(wei)(wei)粒(li)(li)(li)進行(xing)微(wei)(wei)(wei)量切(qie)削(xue)(xue)。對(dui)工件(jian)(jian)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)進行(xing)擠壓、刻劃、滑擦(ca);在研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)運動中當(dang)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)壓嵌的(de)磨(mo)粒(li)(li)(li)脫落后及液(ye)中磨(mo)粒(li)(li)(li)相對(dui)工件(jian)(jian)發生滾動。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)過程(cheng)中,在研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)壓力(li)的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)下(xia),眾多磨(mo)粒(li)(li)(li)進行(xing)微(wei)(wei)(wei)量切(qie)削(xue)(xue),同時被研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)發生微(wei)(wei)(wei)小(xiao)(xiao)起(qi)伏的(de)塑性變形,并且被加(jia)入(ru)的(de)諸(zhu)如硬脂(zhi)酸(suan)、油酸(suan)、脂(zhi)肪(fang)酸(suan)等活性物質與(yu)(yu)(yu)被研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)起(qi)化(hua)學作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)。隨(sui)著研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)加(jia)工的(de)進行(xing),磨(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)與(yu)(yu)(yu)工件(jian)(jian)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)間更趨貼近,其間充滿了微(wei)(wei)(wei)屑與(yu)(yu)(yu)破碎(sui)磨(mo)料的(de)碎(sui)渣,堵(du)塞(sai)了研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian),對(dui)工件(jian)(jian)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)起(qi)滑擦(ca)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)。所以,研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)加(jia)工的(de)實質是磨(mo)粒(li)(li)(li)的(de)微(wei)(wei)(wei)量切(qie)削(xue)(xue)、研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)微(wei)(wei)(wei)小(xiao)(xiao)起(qi)伏的(de)塑性流(liu)動、表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)活性物質的(de)化(hua)學作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)及研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)堵(du)塞(sai)物與(yu)(yu)(yu)工件(jian)(jian)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)滑擦(ca)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)的(de)綜合結果(guo)。


  為了不讓泵水通過軸與密封間隙泄漏,由出口冷凝泵或在鹽水中的母管引至密封水。給水泵是一種具有一定溫度、高溫的水通過泵軸或泵體金屬容器用平定機械密封將熱量傳給軸承,使軸承溫度(du)升高。為了控制傳熱,所(suo)以密(mi)封(feng)的水也(ye)起到冷卻(que)作用。


  平定機械密封直接冷卻就是冷卻液體直接和密封端面接觸達到冷卻的目的。沖洗實際上也是直接冷卻的一種方式,沖洗方式中通過管路連接換熱器將冷卻后的沖洗液引入密封腔進行直接冷卻。還有一種直接冷卻就是在平定機械密封低(di)壓側(大氣(qi))將(jiang)清(qing)水(shui)、蒸汽等(deng)冷卻流體直(zhi)接引入密封端(duan)泄(xie)露處的一種冷卻方(fang)式,也稱急冷,急冷不僅冷卻*,還(huan)能將(jiang)密封端(duan)面(mian)周圍的雜質(zhi)及(ji)泄(xie)露液(ye)(ye)帶走,急冷液(ye)(ye)其壓力(li)比密封介質(zhi)壓力(li)低(di)。急冷液(ye)(ye)應盡量采用軟水(shui),以(yi)防止水(shui)垢產生(sheng)破壞密封端(duan)面(mian)。當密封流體為易凝固、易結晶時,可用蒸汽、溶劑等(deng)防止流體凝結。