掃一掃,加微信
聯系客服,馬上詢價
發布時間:2021-12-17 11:48:10 人(ren)氣:98402 來源:
在使用過程中,大多數三道鎮機械密封都屬于接觸式密封,其機理是靠動密封環與靜密封環的接觸端面在密封流體壓力和彈性元件壓緊力的作用下緊密貼合,并相對滑動而達到密封。工作時,三道鎮機械密封端面上同時發生摩擦、滑動與磨損等現象,摩擦是它的基本特征。三道鎮機械密封端面摩(mo)擦(ca)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)況(kuang)一(yi)般分為(wei):流體(ti)摩(mo)擦(ca)、混合摩(mo)擦(ca)和邊界摩(mo)擦(ca)三類,但不能(neng)長時間(jian)干(gan)摩(mo)擦(ca)。干(gan)摩(mo)擦(ca)狀態(tai)時,兩(liang)端面間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)固體(ti)表面微凸(tu)體(ti)將(jiang)直接接觸而引起劇(ju)烈的(de)(de)(de)磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)。磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)時一(yi)方面會(hui)(hui)使摩(mo)擦(ca)表面物(wu)質喪(sang)失或遷移,導致表面損(sun)(sun)壞;另一(yi)方面會(hui)(hui)產生(sheng)大量的(de)(de)(de)摩(mo)擦(ca)熱(re)直至燒(shao)毀密封。在無流體(ti)介(jie)質的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)況(kuang)下,如何減少磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)降低摩(mo)擦(ca)熱(re),那就要(yao)依靠干(gan)磨(mo)密封了。
干磨(mo)(mo)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)屬(shu)于浮動(dong)(dong)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)種,常(chang)用材質(zhi)為(wei)耐(nai)磨(mo)(mo)碳(tan)精(jing),結構包括(kuo)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)腔體(ti)和環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)軸套(tao),密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)腔體(ti)內有(you)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)槽(cao)(cao),槽(cao)(cao)內至少裝(zhuang)有(you)二(er)個(ge)截(jie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)為(wei)矩形的(de)(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)石墨密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan),石墨密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)的(de)(de)(de)內徑與(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)軸套(tao)之間有(you)0.01-0.04的(de)(de)(de)間隙,軸套(tao)外(wai)表面(mian)(mian)(mian)涂有(you)耐(nai)磨(mo)(mo)涂層(ceng),涂層(ceng)材料(liao)一(yi)般(ban)為(wei)三(san)氧化(hua)二(er)鋁(lv)或三(san)氧化(hua)二(er)鉻(ge)。干磨(mo)(mo)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)有(you)時需要(yao)增(zeng)加隔離氣(qi),通(tong)常(chang)使用氮(dan)氣(qi),氮(dan)氣(qi)耗量能控制在25-40。主(zhu)要(yao)應用于密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)易(yi)燃有(you)毒介質(zhi),由于操(cao)作維修簡單,密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)性好,不需要(yao)復雜的(de)(de)(de)潤滑冷卻系統,可以干運行(xing)(xing),得到廣泛的(de)(de)(de)應用。干磨(mo)(mo)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)包括(kuo)有(you)外(wai)罩(zhao)及架設于外(wai)罩(zhao)上且可呈(cheng)相對旋轉及貼(tie)(tie)合(he)的(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)及靜(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan),靜(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)與(yu)外(wai)罩(zhao)固(gu)定連接,靜(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)及動(dong)(dong)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)上分開設有(you)供旋轉軸安裝(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)通(tong)孔,且動(dong)(dong)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)與(yu)靜(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)貼(tie)(tie)合(he)的(de)(de)(de)端面(mian)(mian)(mian)分別為(wei)動(dong)(dong)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)及靜(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian),外(wai)罩(zhao)上設有(you)促使動(dong)(dong)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)與(yu)靜(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)緊密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)貼(tie)(tie)合(he)的(de)(de)(de)彈性抵(di)壓件。除了(le)要(yao)保(bao)持密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)平(ping)行(xing)(xing)之外(wai),主(zhu)要(yao)是摩擦副(fu)的(de)(de)(de)材料(liao)問題。
摩(mo)擦材料應具備下(xia)列條件:
(1)機(ji)械強(qiang)度(du)高,能耐壓(ya)和(he)耐壓(ya)力(li)變形;
(2)具有耐干磨(mo)性,耐高載荷性,自(zi)潤滑性好;
(3)配對材料的(de)磨合(he)性好,無(wu)過大(da)的(de)磨損和對偶(ou)腐蝕;
(4)耐磨性好(hao),摩擦材料雖然是易損件,起到(dao)保護制動或(huo)傳(chuan)動裝(zhuang)置的作(zuo)用(yong),但(dan)要(yao)求具有一定的耐磨性,使用(yong)壽命盡量(liang)要(yao)長,刮傷、腐蝕和(he)粘(zhan)附(fu)對偶,都會造成(cheng)制動或(huo)傳(chuan)動的震動和(he)不穩定;
(5)導熱(re)(re)性和散熱(re)(re)性好,導熱(re)(re)性是傳(chuan)導熱(re)(re)量的能力(li)大小,即包(bao)括吸熱(re)(re),也(ye)包(bao)括散熱(re)(re),所以,導熱(re)(re)性好的必然散熱(re)(re)性也(ye)好;
(6)抗熱(re)(re)裂性(xing)好,根(gen)本(ben)解決(jue)抗熱(re)(re)裂性(xing)問(wen)題可能需要改變封孔方法;
(7)耐腐蝕性強,一(yi)些有色(se)金(jin)屬合(he)金(jin)能將良好的摩擦學特性與(yu)有些流體(ti)的耐腐蝕性結(jie)合(he);
(8)線膨脹系數小,熱膨脹會造成摩擦材(cai)料與(yu)摩擦對偶(ou)之間的間隙(xi)過小,發生拖摩,損(sun)毀制動、傳動裝置。