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上安鄉機械密封的基本元件分別扮演了什么角色

發布時間:2021-06-01 15:16:25 人氣:182310 來源:川(chuan)工密(mi)封(feng)

  上安鄉機械密封是(shi)一種依靠(kao)彈性元件對(dui)動(dong)、靜環(huan)端(duan)面密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)副(fu)的(de)預緊(jin)(jin)和(he)(he)介(jie)質壓(ya)力與彈性元件壓(ya)力的(de)壓(ya)緊(jin)(jin)而(er)達到密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)的(de)軸向端(duan)面密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)裝置。動(dong)環(huan)和(he)(he)靜環(huan)的(de)端(duan)面組成一對(dui)摩(mo)擦副(fu),動(dong)環(huan)靠(kao)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)室中液(ye)體的(de)壓(ya)力使(shi)其(qi)端(duan)面壓(ya)緊(jin)(jin)在(zai)靜環(huan)端(duan)面上,并(bing)在(zai)兩環(huan)端(duan)面上產生(sheng)適當(dang)的(de)比(bi)壓(ya)和(he)(he)保(bao)持一層極(ji)薄的(de)液(ye)體膜而(er)達到密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)的(de)目的(de)。

  常用上安鄉機械密封結構由靜止環(huan)(靜環(huan))、旋(xuan)轉環(huan)(動環(huan))、彈(dan)性元件(jian)(jian)、彈(dan)簧座、固(gu)緊件(jian)(jian)、旋(xuan)轉環(huan)輔助(zhu)密封(feng)圈和靜止環(huan)輔助(zhu)密封(feng)圈等元件(jian)(jian)組成,防轉銷固(gu)定在壓蓋上(shang)以(yi)防止靜止環(huan)轉動。這些元件(jian)(jian)都有哪些作用呢?

  (1)動(dong)、靜(jing)(jing)(jing)環:保持緊密(mi)(mi)貼合(he)組成密(mi)(mi)封面(mian)防止介質泄漏(lou)。要求動(dong)、靜(jing)(jing)(jing)環具有良好(hao)的耐磨(mo)性動(dong)環可(ke)以軸向移(yi)動(dong),自動(dong)補償(chang)密(mi)(mi)封面(mian)磨(mo)損,使之與靜(jing)(jing)(jing)環良好(hao)地貼合(he),靜(jing)(jing)(jing)環有浮(fu)動(dong)性,起(qi)緩沖作用。 

  (2)彈性元件(彈簧、波紋板、蛇形套等):主要作用是對密封端面產生一定的預緊壓力,使端面在啟動、停車和介質壓力波動時能保持良好的接合。同時用來克服輔助密封圈與軸之間的摩擦力,使補償環沿軸向移動,以補償端面磨損后形成的間隙。此外,還可對軸的跳動等引起的振動起一定的緩沖作用。用的彈性元件有圓柱螺旋壓縮彈簧、波形片彈簧、蝶形彈簧和波紋管。其中圓柱螺旋壓縮彈簧使用廣。波形彈簧和蝶形彈簧具有軸向尺寸小,剛度大,結構緊湊的優點,但軸向位移和彈簧力較小,一般適用于軸向尺寸要求很緊湊的輕型上安鄉機械密封。波形管(guan)常用于高溫(wen)、低溫(wen)、強腐蝕等(deng)特(te)殊(shu)條件。 

  (3)輔(fu)助密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(0形(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)、V形(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)、楔形(xing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)及(ji)其他異形(xing)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)):主要起(qi)到(dao)靜環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)和動(dong)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)的密(mi)封(feng)(feng)作(zuo)用,同(tong)時也起(qi)到(dao)浮(fu)動(dong)性和緩沖的作(zuo)用。要求靜環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)的輔(fu)助密(mi)封(feng)(feng)元件(jian)保(bao)(bao)證靜環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)與壓蓋(gai)之間的密(mi)封(feng)(feng)性,使靜環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)有一定的浮(fu)動(dong)性,動(dong)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)的輔(fu)助密(mi)封(feng)(feng)元件(jian)保(bao)(bao)證動(dong)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)與軸(zhou)或軸(zhou)套之間的密(mi)封(feng)(feng).材料要求耐熱、耐寒方面與介質接近。 

  (4)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)件:傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)件包(bao)括傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)銷、傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)環(huan)、傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)座、傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)套、傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)鍵、傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)突耳或牙嵌式聯接器,其作用是(shi)將(jiang)軸(zhou)的轉矩傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)給動(dong)環(huan),材(cai)料要求(qiu)耐(nai)腐(fu)蝕和耐(nai)磨損。 

  (5)固(gu)緊(jin)(jin)件:包括緊(jin)(jin)定(ding)(ding)螺釘、彈簧(huang)(huang)座、壓(ya)(ya)蓋、組(zu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)套、軸(zhou)套。起(qi)著靜、動環(huan)的(de)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)、固(gu)緊(jin)(jin)作用。要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)正(zheng)確,保證摩(mo)擦(ca)副密封(feng)面處于正(zheng)確的(de)位(wei)置(zhi),并且保持良(liang)好貼合的(de)彈簧(huang)(huang)比壓(ya)(ya),同時(shi)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)拆裝(zhuang)(zhuang)方(fang)便,容易就位(wei),能(neng)重(zhong)復(fu)使(shi)用,與(yu)(yu)輔助密封(feng)配(pei)合處應注(zhu)意安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)密封(feng)環(huan)的(de)倒角和壓(ya)(ya)彈量,特別注(zhu)意動環(huan)密封(feng)圈(quan)與(yu)(yu)軸(zhou)套配(pei)合處要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)耐腐(fu)蝕和耐磨損,必要(yao)時(shi)采用硬面復(fu)層。

  介紹完了上安鄉機械密封的基本元件,接下來看看密封失效都會發生在哪些元件處。上安鄉機械密封的泄(xie)漏點(dian)基本上都表(biao)現在(zai)6處(chu)(chu):①動(dong)(dong)(dong)、靜環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)端面處(chu)(chu);②靜環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)與靜環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)盒(he)的輔(fu)助(zhu)(zhu)密(mi)封(feng)處(chu)(chu);③靜環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)壓蓋與離心泵(beng)泵(beng)體之(zhi)間的密(mi)封(feng)處(chu)(chu);④動(dong)(dong)(dong)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)鑲嵌結構(gou)配合(he)處(chu)(chu);⑤軸(zhou)套(tao)與泵(beng)軸(zhou)之(zhi)間的密(mi)封(feng)處(chu)(chu);⑥動(dong)(dong)(dong)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)與軸(zhou)套(tao)的輔(fu)助(zhu)(zhu)密(mi)封(feng)處(chu)(chu)。

  注意:⑤和⑥只有在安裝軸(zhou)套(tao)時(shi)才存在。