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發布時間:2021-12-17 11:54:31 人(ren)氣:97720 來(lai)源(yuan):
在研磨過程中,閥門制造的密封面是一個常用的整理方法,可以使雙臺子機械密封摩擦端面尺寸精度(du)(du)提高(gao),閥門的密封面,幾何(he)粗(cu)糙度(du)(du)和表面粗(cu)糙度(du)(du),但(dan)不能提高(gao)密封表面的相互位置精度(du)(du)。
雙臺子機械密封面研磨包括五個方面的基本原理:研磨運動、研磨工藝、研磨速度、研磨壓力和研磨余量。研磨過程好一起研究密封面,隨著對雙臺子機械密封研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)復雜面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian),之間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)和(he)(he)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)磨料磨具(ju)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)相對(dui)(dui)運(yun)動(dong)時,密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)圈(quan)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian),磨料磨具(ju)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)部分(fen)和(he)(he)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)之間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)滑動(dong)或滾(gun)動(dong),切斷密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)圈(quan)上(shang)薄(bo)薄(bo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一層金(jin)屬表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)。密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)凸峰部分(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圈(quan),表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨,然后(hou)逐漸達到所(suo)要求(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)幾何形(xing)狀。不僅是金(jin)屬磨料的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨加(jia)(jia)工,以及化(hua)學作用。研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨油可使(shi)加(jia)(jia)工表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)形(xing)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氧化(hua)膜,從而加(jia)(jia)快研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨過程。地面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)運(yun)動(dong)相對(dui)(dui)運(yun)動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)和(he)(he)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)圈(quan)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)圈(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu),對(dui)(dui)每個(ge)點的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)道路(lu)和(he)(he)相對(dui)(dui)滑動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)應該(gai)是一樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。和(he)(he)相對(dui)(dui)運(yun)動(dong)方向(xiang)改(gai)變。改(gai)變密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)環內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)每個(ge)粒(li)(li)子的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)運(yun)動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方向(xiang)不會重復他們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)軌(gui)跡,以避(bi)免(mian)磨損明(ming)顯增加(jia)(jia)了(le)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)環的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)粗糙度。此外,運(yun)動(dong)方向(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)改(gai)變不能使(shi)磨粒(li)(li)分(fen)布比較均勻,且均勻切斷金(jin)屬密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)環的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)。
雙臺子機械密封研(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)是利用涂敷或者壓(ya)嵌(qian)游離磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)粒與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)研(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)劑(ji)的(de)(de)(de)混合(he)物,在一定剛性(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)軟質(zhi)研(yan)具(ju)(ju)上,通(tong)過(guo)研(yan)具(ju)(ju)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)向磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)料(liao)(liao)施加一定壓(ya)力,磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)料(liao)(liao)滾動與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)滑(hua)動,從被(bei)研(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)上去除(chu)極薄的(de)(de)(de)余量(liang),以提高(gao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)精度(du)和降低表(biao)(biao)面粗糙度(du)值得加工(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)法。按研(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)時(shi)有無研(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)液可(ke)分(fen)為干研(yan)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)濕研(yan)。研(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)過(guo)程中,在研(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)壓(ya)力下,眾多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)料(liao)(liao)微(wei)(wei)(wei)粒進行(xing)微(wei)(wei)(wei)量(liang)切削(xue)。對工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)表(biao)(biao)面進行(xing)擠(ji)壓(ya)、刻(ke)劃、滑(hua)擦;在研(yan)具(ju)(ju)運動中當研(yan)具(ju)(ju)壓(ya)嵌(qian)的(de)(de)(de)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)粒脫落后及液中磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)粒相對工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)發生滾動。研(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)過(guo)程中,在研(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)壓(ya)力的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用下,眾多(duo)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)粒進行(xing)微(wei)(wei)(wei)量(liang)切削(xue),同(tong)時(shi)被(bei)研(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)表(biao)(biao)面發生微(wei)(wei)(wei)小起(qi)伏(fu)的(de)(de)(de)塑性(xing)(xing)(xing)變形,并且(qie)被(bei)加入的(de)(de)(de)諸(zhu)如硬脂(zhi)酸、油酸、脂(zhi)肪酸等活性(xing)(xing)(xing)物質(zhi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)被(bei)研(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)表(biao)(biao)面起(qi)化學作(zuo)用。隨(sui)著研(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)進行(xing),磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)表(biao)(biao)面間更趨貼近,其間充滿了微(wei)(wei)(wei)屑(xie)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)破碎(sui)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)碎(sui)渣,堵(du)塞了研(yan)具(ju)(ju)表(biao)(biao)面,對工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)表(biao)(biao)面起(qi)滑(hua)擦作(zuo)用。所以,研(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)實質(zhi)是磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)粒的(de)(de)(de)微(wei)(wei)(wei)量(liang)切削(xue)、研(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)表(biao)(biao)面微(wei)(wei)(wei)小起(qi)伏(fu)的(de)(de)(de)塑性(xing)(xing)(xing)流動、表(biao)(biao)面活性(xing)(xing)(xing)物質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)化學作(zuo)用及研(yan)具(ju)(ju)堵(du)塞物與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)表(biao)(biao)面滑(hua)擦作(zuo)用的(de)(de)(de)綜合(he)結(jie)果。
為了不讓泵水通過軸與密封間隙泄漏,由出口冷凝泵或在鹽水中的母管引至密封水。給水泵是一種具有一定溫度、高溫的水通過泵軸或泵體金屬容器用雙臺子機械密封將熱(re)(re)量(liang)傳給軸(zhou)承,使軸(zhou)承溫度(du)升高。為了控制傳熱(re)(re),所以(yi)密封的水也起到冷卻作用。
雙臺子機械密封直接冷卻就是冷卻液體直接和密封端面接觸達到冷卻的目的。沖洗實際上也是直接冷卻的一種方式,沖洗方式中通過管路連接換熱器將冷卻后的沖洗液引入密封腔進行直接冷卻。還有一種直接冷卻就是在雙臺子機械密封低(di)壓(ya)側(大氣)將清水、蒸汽等冷(leng)卻(que)流體(ti)直(zhi)接引入密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)端(duan)泄(xie)露處的一種冷(leng)卻(que)方式,也(ye)稱急(ji)冷(leng),急(ji)冷(leng)不僅(jin)冷(leng)卻(que)*,還能將密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)端(duan)面周圍(wei)的雜質及泄(xie)露液帶(dai)走,急(ji)冷(leng)液其(qi)壓(ya)力比密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)介質壓(ya)力低(di)。急(ji)冷(leng)液應盡量采(cai)用(yong)軟(ruan)水,以防止(zhi)水垢產生破(po)壞密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)端(duan)面。當密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)流體(ti)為易(yi)凝固、易(yi)結晶時,可(ke)用(yong)蒸汽、溶劑(ji)等防止(zhi)流體(ti)凝結。