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松潘干磨密封解決了摩擦熱過高的問題

發(fa)布時間(jian):2021-12-17 11:48:10 人氣:98726 來源:

  在使用過程中,大多數松潘機械密封都屬于接觸式密封,其機理是靠動密封環與靜密封環的接觸端面在密封流體壓力和彈性元件壓緊力的作用下緊密貼合,并相對滑動而達到密封。工作時,松潘機械密封端面上同時發生摩擦、滑動與磨損等現象,摩擦是它的基本特征。松潘機械密封端(duan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)的(de)工(gong)況一(yi)般分為:流體(ti)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)、混合摩(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)和邊界摩(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)三類,但不能長時間干(gan)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)。干(gan)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)狀態(tai)時,兩端(duan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)間的(de)固(gu)體(ti)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)微凸(tu)體(ti)將直接(jie)接(jie)觸(chu)而引起劇烈(lie)的(de)磨(mo)損(sun)。磨(mo)損(sun)時一(yi)方面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)會使(shi)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)物質喪失(shi)或(huo)遷移,導致表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)損(sun)壞;另一(yi)方面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)會產生大量的(de)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)熱直至燒毀(hui)密封(feng)。在無(wu)流體(ti)介質的(de)工(gong)況下,如何減少(shao)磨(mo)損(sun)降低摩(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)熱,那就(jiu)要依靠干(gan)磨(mo)密封(feng)了。


  干(gan)磨(mo)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)屬于(yu)浮動密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)一種,常(chang)用(yong)材質為(wei)(wei)耐磨(mo)碳(tan)精,結構(gou)包(bao)括環(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)腔體和環(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)軸(zhou)套,密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)腔體內有(you)環(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)槽,槽內至少裝有(you)二(er)個(ge)截面(mian)為(wei)(wei)矩形的(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)石墨密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan),石墨密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)的(de)(de)內徑與(yu)環(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)軸(zhou)套之(zhi)間有(you)0.01-0.04的(de)(de)間隙(xi),軸(zhou)套外表面(mian)涂(tu)有(you)耐磨(mo)涂(tu)層,涂(tu)層材料(liao)一般為(wei)(wei)三(san)氧化二(er)鋁或三(san)氧化二(er)鉻。干(gan)磨(mo)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)有(you)時(shi)需要增(zeng)加隔離氣(qi),通常(chang)使用(yong)氮氣(qi),氮氣(qi)耗量能控(kong)制在(zai)25-40。主要應用(yong)于(yu)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)易燃有(you)毒(du)介質,由于(yu)操作維修簡單,密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)性好,不(bu)需要復(fu)雜的(de)(de)潤滑冷卻系統,可(ke)(ke)以干(gan)運(yun)行(xing)(xing),得到廣泛的(de)(de)應用(yong)。干(gan)磨(mo)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)包(bao)括有(you)外罩及(ji)(ji)(ji)架設于(yu)外罩上(shang)且可(ke)(ke)呈(cheng)相對旋(xuan)轉及(ji)(ji)(ji)貼合的(de)(de)動密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)及(ji)(ji)(ji)靜(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan),靜(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)與(yu)外罩固定連接,靜(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)及(ji)(ji)(ji)動密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)上(shang)分(fen)開設有(you)供旋(xuan)轉軸(zhou)安裝的(de)(de)通孔,且動密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)與(yu)靜(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)貼合的(de)(de)端(duan)面(mian)分(fen)別為(wei)(wei)動密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)及(ji)(ji)(ji)靜(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian),外罩上(shang)設有(you)促使動密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)與(yu)靜(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)緊密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)貼合的(de)(de)彈性抵壓件。除了(le)要保持密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)平行(xing)(xing)之(zhi)外,主要是摩擦副的(de)(de)材料(liao)問題(ti)。

41.JPG

  摩擦材料應具(ju)備下列條件:


  (1)機(ji)械強度高,能(neng)耐壓和耐壓力變形;


  (2)具有耐干磨性,耐高載(zai)荷性,自(zi)潤(run)滑性好;


  (3)配對材料的(de)磨合(he)性好,無過大(da)的(de)磨損和(he)對偶腐蝕(shi);


  (4)耐磨性(xing)好(hao),摩(mo)擦(ca)材料(liao)雖(sui)然(ran)是(shi)易損件,起到保護制(zhi)動(dong)或(huo)傳(chuan)動(dong)裝置的作(zuo)用(yong),但要求具有一定的耐磨性(xing),使(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)命(ming)盡量(liang)要長(chang),刮傷、腐蝕和(he)粘附對偶,都(dou)會造成(cheng)制(zhi)動(dong)或(huo)傳(chuan)動(dong)的震動(dong)和(he)不穩定;


  (5)導(dao)熱(re)(re)性(xing)(xing)(xing)和散熱(re)(re)性(xing)(xing)(xing)好,導(dao)熱(re)(re)性(xing)(xing)(xing)是傳導(dao)熱(re)(re)量的(de)能力大小,即包(bao)括吸熱(re)(re),也(ye)包(bao)括散熱(re)(re),所以,導(dao)熱(re)(re)性(xing)(xing)(xing)好的(de)必然散熱(re)(re)性(xing)(xing)(xing)也(ye)好;


  (6)抗熱(re)裂性好,根本解決抗熱(re)裂性問題可能需(xu)要(yao)改變封(feng)孔方法;


  (7)耐腐(fu)蝕(shi)性(xing)強,一些有色金屬合金能將良好的(de)摩擦學特性(xing)與有些流體的(de)耐腐(fu)蝕(shi)性(xing)結合;


  (8)線膨脹系數小(xiao),熱(re)膨脹會造成摩擦(ca)材料與摩擦(ca)對偶(ou)之間(jian)的間(jian)隙過小(xiao),發生拖(tuo)摩,損(sun)毀制(zhi)動、傳動裝置(zhi)。