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發布時間:2021-12-17 11:54:31 人(ren)氣:98010 來源:
在研磨過程中,閥門制造的密封面是一個常用的整理方法,可以使托克遜機械密封摩擦端面尺寸(cun)精度提高,閥門的(de)密封面,幾何粗糙度和表面粗糙度,但不能提高密封表面的(de)相(xiang)互位(wei)置精度。
托克遜機械密封面研磨包括五個方面的基本原理:研磨運動、研磨工藝、研磨速度、研磨壓力和研磨余量。研磨過程好一起研究密封面,隨著對托克遜機械密封研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)的(de)(de)復雜面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian),之間的(de)(de)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)和(he)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)料磨(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)相對運(yun)動(dong)(dong)時,密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)圈(quan)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian),磨(mo)(mo)(mo)料磨(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)部分和(he)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)之間的(de)(de)滑動(dong)(dong)或滾(gun)動(dong)(dong),切斷密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)圈(quan)上(shang)薄(bo)薄(bo)的(de)(de)一層(ceng)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)。密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)凸峰部分的(de)(de)圈(quan),表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo),然后逐漸(jian)達到所要(yao)求的(de)(de)幾何形狀(zhuang)。不僅是金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)料的(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)加(jia)(jia)工,以(yi)(yi)及化(hua)學作用。研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)油可使加(jia)(jia)工表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)形成的(de)(de)氧(yang)化(hua)膜(mo),從而加(jia)(jia)快研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)過程。地(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)相對運(yun)動(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)和(he)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)圈(quan)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)圈(quan)的(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu),對每(mei)個(ge)點的(de)(de)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)的(de)(de)道路和(he)相對滑動(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)應該是一樣的(de)(de)。和(he)相對運(yun)動(dong)(dong)方向改(gai)變(bian)(bian)。改(gai)變(bian)(bian)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)環內的(de)(de)每(mei)個(ge)粒子的(de)(de)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)方向不會重(zhong)復他們(men)的(de)(de)軌跡,以(yi)(yi)避(bi)免磨(mo)(mo)(mo)損明顯增加(jia)(jia)了密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)環的(de)(de)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)粗糙度。此外,運(yun)動(dong)(dong)方向的(de)(de)改(gai)變(bian)(bian)不能使磨(mo)(mo)(mo)粒分布比較均勻,且均勻切斷金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)環的(de)(de)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)。
托克遜機械密封研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)是(shi)利用涂敷或者(zhe)壓(ya)(ya)嵌(qian)游離磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)粒與研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)劑的(de)(de)(de)(de)混合(he)物(wu)(wu),在一(yi)定剛性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)軟質研(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)上,通過研(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)與工(gong)(gong)件向磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)料施加一(yi)定壓(ya)(ya)力(li),磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)料滾動(dong)(dong)與滑動(dong)(dong),從被研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)工(gong)(gong)件上去除極薄的(de)(de)(de)(de)余量,以提(ti)高工(gong)(gong)件的(de)(de)(de)(de)精(jing)度和降低(di)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)粗糙度值得(de)加工(gong)(gong)方法。按研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)時(shi)有無(wu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)液可分為干研(yan)(yan)(yan)與濕研(yan)(yan)(yan)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)過程(cheng)中(zhong),在研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)下,眾多的(de)(de)(de)(de)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)料微(wei)粒進(jin)行微(wei)量切削。對工(gong)(gong)件表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)進(jin)行擠壓(ya)(ya)、刻劃、滑擦(ca)(ca);在研(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)運動(dong)(dong)中(zhong)當研(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)壓(ya)(ya)嵌(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)粒脫(tuo)落后及(ji)液中(zhong)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)粒相對工(gong)(gong)件發(fa)生滾動(dong)(dong)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)過程(cheng)中(zhong),在研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用下,眾多磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)粒進(jin)行微(wei)量切削,同時(shi)被研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)發(fa)生微(wei)小起(qi)伏的(de)(de)(de)(de)塑性(xing)變形,并且被加入(ru)的(de)(de)(de)(de)諸如(ru)硬脂(zhi)酸(suan)、油酸(suan)、脂(zhi)肪(fang)酸(suan)等活性(xing)物(wu)(wu)質與被研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)起(qi)化學作(zuo)(zuo)用。隨著研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)加工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)行,磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)與工(gong)(gong)件表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)間更趨貼近,其間充滿(man)了微(wei)屑與破(po)碎(sui)(sui)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)料的(de)(de)(de)(de)碎(sui)(sui)渣,堵(du)(du)塞了研(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian),對工(gong)(gong)件表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)起(qi)滑擦(ca)(ca)作(zuo)(zuo)用。所以,研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)加工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)質是(shi)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)粒的(de)(de)(de)(de)微(wei)量切削、研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)微(wei)小起(qi)伏的(de)(de)(de)(de)塑性(xing)流動(dong)(dong)、表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)活性(xing)物(wu)(wu)質的(de)(de)(de)(de)化學作(zuo)(zuo)用及(ji)研(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)堵(du)(du)塞物(wu)(wu)與工(gong)(gong)件表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)滑擦(ca)(ca)作(zuo)(zuo)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)綜合(he)結果。
為了不讓泵水通過軸與密封間隙泄漏,由出口冷凝泵或在鹽水中的母管引至密封水。給水泵是一種具有一定溫度、高溫的水通過泵軸或泵體金屬容器用托克遜機械密封將熱量傳給軸承(cheng),使(shi)軸承(cheng)溫度(du)升高。為了控制傳熱,所以密(mi)封的(de)水也起到(dao)冷卻(que)作用。
托克遜機械密封直接冷卻就是冷卻液體直接和密封端面接觸達到冷卻的目的。沖洗實際上也是直接冷卻的一種方式,沖洗方式中通過管路連接換熱器將冷卻后的沖洗液引入密封腔進行直接冷卻。還有一種直接冷卻就是在托克遜機械密封低壓側(大(da)氣)將清(qing)水(shui)、蒸(zheng)汽等冷(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)流體(ti)(ti)直接(jie)引入密封端泄(xie)露處(chu)的(de)一種冷(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)方式(shi),也(ye)稱急冷(leng)(leng)(leng),急冷(leng)(leng)(leng)不僅冷(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)*,還能將密封端面(mian)周(zhou)圍(wei)的(de)雜(za)質及泄(xie)露液帶走,急冷(leng)(leng)(leng)液其壓力比(bi)密封介質壓力低。急冷(leng)(leng)(leng)液應盡量采用軟(ruan)水(shui),以(yi)防止水(shui)垢產生破壞密封端面(mian)。當密封流體(ti)(ti)為易(yi)凝(ning)固、易(yi)結(jie)晶時,可(ke)用蒸(zheng)汽、溶劑等防止流體(ti)(ti)凝(ning)結(jie)。