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汶上干磨密封解決了摩擦熱過高的問題

發布時(shi)間(jian):2021-12-17 11:48:10 人氣(qi):94544 來(lai)源:

  在使用過程中,大多數汶上機械密封都屬于接觸式密封,其機理是靠動密封環與靜密封環的接觸端面在密封流體壓力和彈性元件壓緊力的作用下緊密貼合,并相對滑動而達到密封。工作時,汶上機械密封端面上同時發生摩擦、滑動與磨損等現象,摩擦是它的基本特征。汶上機械密封端面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)的工(gong)況一(yi)(yi)般分為:流(liu)體(ti)摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)、混合摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)和邊界摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)三類,但(dan)不能長時(shi)間(jian)干(gan)(gan)(gan)摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)。干(gan)(gan)(gan)摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)狀(zhuang)態時(shi),兩端面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)間(jian)的固體(ti)表面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)微(wei)凸體(ti)將直接(jie)接(jie)觸而引起劇烈的磨(mo)(mo)損(sun)。磨(mo)(mo)損(sun)時(shi)一(yi)(yi)方面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)會使摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)表面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)物質喪失或(huo)遷移,導致表面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)損(sun)壞;另一(yi)(yi)方面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)會產生(sheng)大量的摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)熱直至(zhi)燒毀(hui)密封。在無流(liu)體(ti)介質的工(gong)況下(xia),如何減少磨(mo)(mo)損(sun)降(jiang)低(di)摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)熱,那(nei)就(jiu)要依(yi)靠干(gan)(gan)(gan)磨(mo)(mo)密封了。


  干(gan)(gan)磨(mo)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)屬于(yu)浮動(dong)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)的一種,常(chang)用材(cai)質為(wei)(wei)耐磨(mo)碳精(jing),結(jie)構包(bao)括環(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)腔(qiang)體和環(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)軸(zhou)套(tao),密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)腔(qiang)體內有(you)環(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)槽,槽內至少(shao)裝有(you)二個(ge)截面(mian)為(wei)(wei)矩形的環(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)石墨密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan),石墨密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)的內徑與(yu)環(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)軸(zhou)套(tao)之間有(you)0.01-0.04的間隙,軸(zhou)套(tao)外(wai)表面(mian)涂有(you)耐磨(mo)涂層,涂層材(cai)料(liao)一般(ban)為(wei)(wei)三(san)(san)氧化二鋁或三(san)(san)氧化二鉻(ge)。干(gan)(gan)磨(mo)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)有(you)時(shi)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)增加隔離氣,通常(chang)使(shi)用氮(dan)(dan)氣,氮(dan)(dan)氣耗量能控制在25-40。主要(yao)(yao)(yao)應用于(yu)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)易燃(ran)有(you)毒介質,由于(yu)操作維(wei)修簡(jian)單,密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)性(xing)好,不需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)復(fu)雜的潤(run)滑冷(leng)卻(que)系(xi)統,可(ke)以干(gan)(gan)運行(xing)(xing),得(de)到廣泛的應用。干(gan)(gan)磨(mo)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)包(bao)括有(you)外(wai)罩及架(jia)設于(yu)外(wai)罩上(shang)且可(ke)呈相對旋轉及貼(tie)(tie)合(he)的動(dong)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)及靜(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan),靜(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)與(yu)外(wai)罩固定連(lian)接,靜(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)及動(dong)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)上(shang)分開設有(you)供(gong)旋轉軸(zhou)安裝的通孔(kong),且動(dong)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)與(yu)靜(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)貼(tie)(tie)合(he)的端面(mian)分別為(wei)(wei)動(dong)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)面(mian)及靜(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)面(mian),外(wai)罩上(shang)設有(you)促使(shi)動(dong)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)與(yu)靜(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)緊密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)貼(tie)(tie)合(he)的彈(dan)性(xing)抵壓(ya)件。除了要(yao)(yao)(yao)保持密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)面(mian)平行(xing)(xing)之外(wai),主要(yao)(yao)(yao)是摩擦副的材(cai)料(liao)問題。

41.JPG

  摩擦材料應(ying)具備下列(lie)條件:


  (1)機械強度(du)高(gao),能耐壓和耐壓力(li)變形(xing);


  (2)具有耐干磨性,耐高載荷(he)性,自潤滑性好;


  (3)配對材料的(de)磨合性(xing)好(hao),無過大的(de)磨損(sun)和對偶腐蝕;


  (4)耐磨(mo)性好(hao),摩擦(ca)材(cai)料(liao)雖(sui)然是易(yi)損件,起到保護制動(dong)或(huo)傳動(dong)裝置的(de)作用,但要求(qiu)具有一定(ding)的(de)耐磨(mo)性,使用壽命盡(jin)量要長(chang),刮(gua)傷、腐蝕和粘附(fu)對偶,都(dou)會造成制動(dong)或(huo)傳動(dong)的(de)震(zhen)動(dong)和不穩定(ding);


  (5)導熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)性和散熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)性好,導熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)性是傳導熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)量的能力大小,即包括吸熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re),也包括散熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re),所以,導熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)性好的必然散熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)性也好;


  (6)抗熱裂性(xing)好,根本解(jie)決抗熱裂性(xing)問(wen)題可能需要改變封孔(kong)方法;


  (7)耐腐(fu)蝕性(xing)強(qiang),一些(xie)有色(se)金屬合金能將(jiang)良好的摩擦學特性(xing)與有些(xie)流體(ti)的耐腐(fu)蝕性(xing)結合;


  (8)線膨脹系數小,熱膨脹會(hui)造成摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)材料與摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)對偶之間的間隙過小,發(fa)生(sheng)拖摩(mo)(mo),損毀制(zhi)動、傳動裝置。