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秀洲干磨密封解決了摩擦熱過高的問題

發布時間:2021-12-17 11:48:10 人(ren)氣:98532 來源(yuan):

  在使用過程中,大多數秀洲機械密封都屬于接觸式密封,其機理是靠動密封環與靜密封環的接觸端面在密封流體壓力和彈性元件壓緊力的作用下緊密貼合,并相對滑動而達到密封。工作時,秀洲機械密封端面上同時發生摩擦、滑動與磨損等現象,摩擦是它的基本特征。秀洲機械密封端(duan)面摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)的(de)工況一般(ban)分為(wei):流體摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)、混合摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)和邊界摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)三(san)類,但不能長時間干(gan)摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)。干(gan)摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)狀態時,兩(liang)端(duan)面間的(de)固體表面微凸體將(jiang)直接接觸而引起劇(ju)烈的(de)磨(mo)損(sun)。磨(mo)損(sun)時一方面會使摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)表面物質(zhi)喪失或遷移,導致表面損(sun)壞;另一方面會產生(sheng)大量(liang)的(de)摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)熱(re)直至燒毀(hui)密封(feng)。在無流體介質(zhi)的(de)工況下,如何減少磨(mo)損(sun)降(jiang)低摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)熱(re),那(nei)就要依靠干(gan)磨(mo)密封(feng)了。


  干磨(mo)(mo)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)屬于(yu)浮(fu)動(dong)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)一(yi)種,常用材(cai)質(zhi)為(wei)(wei)耐(nai)磨(mo)(mo)碳精,結構包括環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)腔體和環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)軸(zhou)(zhou)套(tao),密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)腔體內(nei)有(you)(you)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)槽(cao),槽(cao)內(nei)至少裝有(you)(you)二個截面為(wei)(wei)矩形的(de)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)石(shi)墨(mo)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan),石(shi)墨(mo)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)的(de)內(nei)徑與(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)軸(zhou)(zhou)套(tao)之(zhi)間(jian)有(you)(you)0.01-0.04的(de)間(jian)隙,軸(zhou)(zhou)套(tao)外(wai)(wai)(wai)表面涂(tu)有(you)(you)耐(nai)磨(mo)(mo)涂(tu)層,涂(tu)層材(cai)料(liao)一(yi)般為(wei)(wei)三氧化二鋁或三氧化二鉻。干磨(mo)(mo)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)有(you)(you)時需要(yao)(yao)增(zeng)加隔離氣(qi),通常使用氮氣(qi),氮氣(qi)耗量能(neng)控制(zhi)在25-40。主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)應用于(yu)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)易(yi)燃有(you)(you)毒介質(zhi),由于(yu)操作維修(xiu)簡單(dan),密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)性好,不需要(yao)(yao)復雜(za)的(de)潤滑(hua)冷卻系統,可以干運(yun)行(xing)(xing),得到廣泛的(de)應用。干磨(mo)(mo)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)包括有(you)(you)外(wai)(wai)(wai)罩及(ji)架設于(yu)外(wai)(wai)(wai)罩上(shang)且可呈相對(dui)旋轉(zhuan)及(ji)貼合的(de)動(dong)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)及(ji)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan),靜(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)與(yu)外(wai)(wai)(wai)罩固定連接,靜(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)及(ji)動(dong)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)上(shang)分(fen)開設有(you)(you)供旋轉(zhuan)軸(zhou)(zhou)安裝的(de)通孔,且動(dong)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)與(yu)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)貼合的(de)端(duan)面分(fen)別為(wei)(wei)動(dong)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面及(ji)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面,外(wai)(wai)(wai)罩上(shang)設有(you)(you)促使動(dong)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)與(yu)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)緊密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)貼合的(de)彈性抵壓(ya)件。除了(le)要(yao)(yao)保持密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面平行(xing)(xing)之(zhi)外(wai)(wai)(wai),主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)是摩擦(ca)副的(de)材(cai)料(liao)問題(ti)。

41.JPG

  摩擦(ca)材料應具備(bei)下列條件:


  (1)機械(xie)強度(du)高(gao),能(neng)耐壓(ya)和耐壓(ya)力(li)變形;


  (2)具(ju)有耐干磨(mo)性(xing),耐高(gao)載荷(he)性(xing),自(zi)潤滑性(xing)好(hao);


  (3)配對(dui)材料(liao)的磨合性好(hao),無過大的磨損和對(dui)偶(ou)腐(fu)蝕;


  (4)耐磨性(xing)好,摩擦材料雖(sui)然是易損件,起(qi)到保護制動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)或傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)裝置的作用(yong),但要(yao)求具(ju)有一定的耐磨性(xing),使用(yong)壽(shou)命盡量要(yao)長,刮傷、腐(fu)蝕和粘附對偶,都會造成制動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)或傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的震動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)和不穩(wen)定;


  (5)導熱(re)(re)性和散熱(re)(re)性好,導熱(re)(re)性是傳導熱(re)(re)量的(de)能力大小(xiao),即包(bao)括吸熱(re)(re),也(ye)包(bao)括散熱(re)(re),所以,導熱(re)(re)性好的(de)必然散熱(re)(re)性也(ye)好;


  (6)抗熱裂(lie)性好,根本(ben)解決抗熱裂(lie)性問題可能需要改(gai)變(bian)封孔方法;


  (7)耐腐蝕(shi)性強,一些有色金屬合金能將良(liang)好的摩擦學特性與(yu)有些流體的耐腐蝕(shi)性結合;


  (8)線(xian)膨(peng)脹系數小,熱(re)膨(peng)脹會(hui)造成摩擦(ca)材料與摩擦(ca)對偶之間的間隙過小,發生拖摩,損毀制動、傳動裝置(zhi)。