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吳中干磨密封解決了摩擦熱過高的問題

發布時間:2021-12-17 11:48:10 人氣(qi):94655 來源:

  在使用過程中,大多數吳中機械密封都屬于接觸式密封,其機理是靠動密封環與靜密封環的接觸端面在密封流體壓力和彈性元件壓緊力的作用下緊密貼合,并相對滑動而達到密封。工作時,吳中機械密封端面上同時發生摩擦、滑動與磨損等現象,摩擦是它的基本特征。吳中機械密封端(duan)面(mian)(mian)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)的(de)(de)工況(kuang)一(yi)般分(fen)為:流體摩(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)、混合(he)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)和邊界摩(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)三類,但不能長時(shi)間干摩(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)。干摩(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)狀態時(shi),兩端(duan)面(mian)(mian)間的(de)(de)固體表面(mian)(mian)微凸體將直接接觸而引(yin)起劇烈的(de)(de)磨(mo)損(sun)。磨(mo)損(sun)時(shi)一(yi)方面(mian)(mian)會使摩(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)表面(mian)(mian)物質喪(sang)失或遷移,導致表面(mian)(mian)損(sun)壞;另一(yi)方面(mian)(mian)會產生大量的(de)(de)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)熱直至燒(shao)毀密封。在無(wu)流體介質的(de)(de)工況(kuang)下,如何(he)減少(shao)磨(mo)損(sun)降(jiang)低摩(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)熱,那就要(yao)依(yi)靠干磨(mo)密封了。


  干磨(mo)(mo)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)屬于浮動密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)的一(yi)種,常用材(cai)質為(wei)耐(nai)磨(mo)(mo)碳精,結構包(bao)括(kuo)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)腔(qiang)體和環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)軸(zhou)套(tao)(tao),密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)腔(qiang)體內有(you)(you)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)槽(cao),槽(cao)內至少(shao)裝有(you)(you)二(er)個截面(mian)為(wei)矩形的環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)石(shi)墨密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan),石(shi)墨密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)的內徑與(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)軸(zhou)套(tao)(tao)之(zhi)間(jian)有(you)(you)0.01-0.04的間(jian)隙,軸(zhou)套(tao)(tao)外(wai)(wai)表面(mian)涂(tu)(tu)有(you)(you)耐(nai)磨(mo)(mo)涂(tu)(tu)層,涂(tu)(tu)層材(cai)料一(yi)般為(wei)三氧(yang)化二(er)鋁或三氧(yang)化二(er)鉻。干磨(mo)(mo)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)有(you)(you)時需要(yao)增(zeng)加(jia)隔離氣,通常使(shi)用氮(dan)(dan)氣,氮(dan)(dan)氣耗量(liang)能(neng)控制在25-40。主(zhu)要(yao)應(ying)(ying)用于密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)易(yi)燃有(you)(you)毒(du)介質,由(you)于操(cao)作維(wei)修簡單,密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)性好(hao),不需要(yao)復雜的潤滑冷卻系(xi)統,可(ke)以干運(yun)行(xing)(xing),得到廣泛的應(ying)(ying)用。干磨(mo)(mo)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)包(bao)括(kuo)有(you)(you)外(wai)(wai)罩(zhao)及架設(she)于外(wai)(wai)罩(zhao)上(shang)且可(ke)呈(cheng)相對(dui)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)及貼(tie)合(he)的動密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)及靜密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan),靜密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)與(yu)外(wai)(wai)罩(zhao)固定連接(jie),靜密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)及動密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)上(shang)分(fen)開設(she)有(you)(you)供(gong)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)軸(zhou)安裝的通孔(kong),且動密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)與(yu)靜密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)貼(tie)合(he)的端面(mian)分(fen)別為(wei)動密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)及靜密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian),外(wai)(wai)罩(zhao)上(shang)設(she)有(you)(you)促使(shi)動密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)與(yu)靜密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)緊密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)貼(tie)合(he)的彈性抵壓件。除了(le)要(yao)保持密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)平行(xing)(xing)之(zhi)外(wai)(wai),主(zhu)要(yao)是摩擦副的材(cai)料問(wen)題。

41.JPG

  摩(mo)擦材(cai)料應具備(bei)下列條件:


  (1)機(ji)械強度(du)高,能(neng)耐壓和耐壓力變形(xing);


  (2)具有耐干(gan)磨性(xing)(xing),耐高載荷性(xing)(xing),自潤滑性(xing)(xing)好(hao);


  (3)配(pei)對材料的(de)(de)磨合性好,無過大的(de)(de)磨損(sun)和對偶(ou)腐(fu)蝕;


  (4)耐(nai)磨性好,摩(mo)擦材料雖然是易損件,起到保護制(zhi)動或傳動裝置的(de)作用(yong),但要求具(ju)有(you)一定的(de)耐(nai)磨性,使用(yong)壽(shou)命(ming)盡量(liang)要長,刮傷、腐蝕和粘附對偶,都會造(zao)成(cheng)制(zhi)動或傳動的(de)震動和不穩定;


  (5)導熱(re)性(xing)(xing)和散(san)熱(re)性(xing)(xing)好(hao),導熱(re)性(xing)(xing)是傳(chuan)導熱(re)量的(de)能力大小(xiao),即包括吸熱(re),也包括散(san)熱(re),所以,導熱(re)性(xing)(xing)好(hao)的(de)必(bi)然(ran)散(san)熱(re)性(xing)(xing)也好(hao);


  (6)抗熱裂性(xing)(xing)好,根(gen)本解決抗熱裂性(xing)(xing)問題可能需要改變封孔方法(fa);


  (7)耐腐(fu)蝕性強,一些(xie)有(you)色(se)金屬合金能將良(liang)好的(de)摩擦(ca)學特性與(yu)有(you)些(xie)流體的(de)耐腐(fu)蝕性結合;


  (8)線膨脹(zhang)系數小,熱膨脹(zhang)會(hui)造成(cheng)摩擦(ca)材(cai)料(liao)與(yu)摩擦(ca)對偶之間的間隙過小,發生拖(tuo)摩,損毀制動(dong)、傳動(dong)裝(zhuang)置。