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淄川干磨密封解決了摩擦熱過高的問題

發(fa)布(bu)時間:2021-12-17 11:48:10 人氣(qi):98704 來源:

  在使用過程中,大多數淄川機械密封都屬于接觸式密封,其機理是靠動密封環與靜密封環的接觸端面在密封流體壓力和彈性元件壓緊力的作用下緊密貼合,并相對滑動而達到密封。工作時,淄川機械密封端面上同時發生摩擦、滑動與磨損等現象,摩擦是它的基本特征。淄川機械密封端面摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)的(de)工況一般分為:流體摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)、混合(he)摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)和邊界摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)三類,但(dan)不能長時間干摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)。干摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)狀態(tai)時,兩端面間的(de)固體表面微凸體將(jiang)直接(jie)接(jie)觸而引起劇烈的(de)磨損。磨損時一方(fang)面會使(shi)摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)表面物質喪失(shi)或遷移,導致表面損壞;另一方(fang)面會產生大量的(de)摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)熱直至燒毀密(mi)封。在無流體介質的(de)工況下,如(ru)何減少(shao)磨損降低摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)熱,那就要依(yi)靠干磨密(mi)封了。


  干(gan)磨(mo)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)屬(shu)于(yu)浮動(dong)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一種,常用材(cai)質為(wei)耐磨(mo)碳精,結構(gou)包括(kuo)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)腔體和(he)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)軸套(tao)(tao),密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)腔體內有(you)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)槽(cao),槽(cao)內至(zhi)少裝(zhuang)有(you)二個(ge)截(jie)面(mian)為(wei)矩(ju)形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)石(shi)墨密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan),石(shi)墨密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內徑與(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)行(xing)(xing)軸套(tao)(tao)之(zhi)間有(you)0.01-0.04的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)間隙,軸套(tao)(tao)外表面(mian)涂有(you)耐磨(mo)涂層(ceng),涂層(ceng)材(cai)料一般為(wei)三氧化二鋁或(huo)三氧化二鉻。干(gan)磨(mo)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)有(you)時需(xu)要(yao)增加隔離氣,通常使用氮氣,氮氣耗量能控制在25-40。主要(yao)應(ying)(ying)用于(yu)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)易燃有(you)毒介質,由于(yu)操作(zuo)維修簡(jian)單,密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)性好,不需(xu)要(yao)復雜(za)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)潤滑(hua)冷卻系統,可以干(gan)運行(xing)(xing),得到廣泛的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)用。干(gan)磨(mo)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)包括(kuo)有(you)外罩及(ji)架設(she)于(yu)外罩上(shang)(shang)且(qie)可呈(cheng)相對旋轉及(ji)貼(tie)(tie)合的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)及(ji)靜密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan),靜密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)與(yu)外罩固(gu)定連(lian)接,靜密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)及(ji)動(dong)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)上(shang)(shang)分開設(she)有(you)供旋轉軸安裝(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通孔(kong),且(qie)動(dong)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)與(yu)靜密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)貼(tie)(tie)合的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)端(duan)面(mian)分別(bie)為(wei)動(dong)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)及(ji)靜密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian),外罩上(shang)(shang)設(she)有(you)促(cu)使動(dong)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)與(yu)靜密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)緊密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)貼(tie)(tie)合的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)彈性抵壓(ya)件。除了要(yao)保(bao)持密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)平行(xing)(xing)之(zhi)外,主要(yao)是(shi)摩擦副的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)料問(wen)題(ti)。

41.JPG

  摩擦材料應具(ju)備下列條件:


  (1)機械(xie)強度高,能耐壓(ya)和耐壓(ya)力變形;


  (2)具有耐(nai)干磨性(xing),耐(nai)高載荷性(xing),自潤滑性(xing)好;


  (3)配對(dui)材料的(de)磨合性好(hao),無(wu)過大的(de)磨損和對(dui)偶腐蝕;


  (4)耐(nai)磨(mo)性好,摩擦材料雖然是(shi)易(yi)損件(jian),起到保護制動或傳動裝置的作用,但(dan)要求具(ju)有一定的耐(nai)磨(mo)性,使用壽命盡量(liang)要長,刮傷(shang)、腐蝕(shi)和(he)粘(zhan)附對偶(ou),都會(hui)造(zao)成(cheng)制動或傳動的震動和(he)不(bu)穩定;


  (5)導(dao)熱(re)(re)性(xing)和散熱(re)(re)性(xing)好,導(dao)熱(re)(re)性(xing)是傳導(dao)熱(re)(re)量的(de)能力大小(xiao),即包括(kuo)吸熱(re)(re),也包括(kuo)散熱(re)(re),所以,導(dao)熱(re)(re)性(xing)好的(de)必然散熱(re)(re)性(xing)也好;


  (6)抗熱裂(lie)性(xing)好,根本解決(jue)抗熱裂(lie)性(xing)問題(ti)可能需要改(gai)變(bian)封孔方法;


  (7)耐腐(fu)蝕(shi)性強,一些有(you)色(se)金屬合金能將良(liang)好(hao)的摩擦學(xue)特性與有(you)些流體的耐腐(fu)蝕(shi)性結合;


  (8)線(xian)膨脹系數小,熱膨脹會造成摩擦材料(liao)與(yu)摩擦對(dui)偶之間(jian)的間(jian)隙(xi)過小,發生(sheng)拖摩,損毀制動、傳動裝置。